Revisión bibliográfica del litio y el potencial para Chile
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Fecha
2019
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
El litio es un recurso que durante los últimos años ha presentado un alza
considerable en su demanda, siendo actualmente considerado un material
energético esencial para el desarrollo y posicionamiento de innovaciones
tecnológicas (asociadas a energías renovables), esto debido a sus singulares
propiedades fisicoquímicas, las que han permitido desarrollar baterías que
pueden almacenar grandes densidades de energía, manteniéndose como un
material liviano. En este proyecto de título se presentarán los aspectos más
relevantes del litio, su importancia para la consolidación de estas nuevas
tecnologías, y el caso de Chile respecto al mercado del litio y las estrategias que
debería abordar para mantenerse como un competidor fuerte y llamativo para la
inversión privada.
La oportunidad que brinda el litio, al tratarse de un mercado relativamente
nuevo, es que los países involucrados han podido definir su estrategia de
entrada, destacando su intención de aumentar su participación dentro de la
cadena de valor, es decir, buscan entregar un producto final de uso directo (como
baterías) y no una materia prima. Destacando el gran interés que existe por el
desarrollo de vehículos eléctricos, el litio experimentará un alza considerable en
su demanda, transformándose en una oportunidad para los países productores.
Con respecto al mercado del litio, Chile debe actuar rápido para
aprovechar el interés que existe por este elemento, asegurándose una
participación más amplia dentro de la cadena de valor; pero también tendrá que
tomárselo con la calma suficiente para asegurar que en un futuro no se pierda el
interés en invertir en este país. No se debe olvidar que Chile no es el único país
que cuenta con grandes reservas de litio y que se desconocen los reales efectos
medioambientales que ocurren al extraerlo desde las salmueras (que de existir
podrían traer problemas con las comunidades). Las normativas debiesen
proteger a todos los involucrados dentro de los contratos que se celebren para la
explotación de este recurso, lo cual permitirá asegurar que no se pierda el deseo
de participar con Chile de este mercado.
During the latest years, lithium has shown a considerable growth in its demand, being considered an energetic material which is essential for the development of technological innovations, mainly associated to renewable energies, which is due to its unique physicochemical properties that have allowed the development of batteries that can store high quantities of energy keeping its lightness. In this investigation the most relevant aspects of lithium, its importance in new technologies, and the case of Chile in the lithium market and strategies that the country should have will be presented. The opportunity that lithium has, as the market is relatively new, is that the countries involved have defined their strategy, particularly their intention in rising their participation in the value chain, which is to produce a final product and not a raw material. Due to the high interest in the fabrication of electric vehicles, there is a huge opportunity for the producer countries. With respect to the lithium market, Chile has to do something quickly, which will secure its participation in the value chain. However, the country has to be careful enough to keep the interest from foreign investors. Chile is not the only country having high reserves of lithium, and environmental effects are still unknown. Normatives should protect to all who are involved in the exploitation of this natural resource, which will maintain the interest from foreign countries.
During the latest years, lithium has shown a considerable growth in its demand, being considered an energetic material which is essential for the development of technological innovations, mainly associated to renewable energies, which is due to its unique physicochemical properties that have allowed the development of batteries that can store high quantities of energy keeping its lightness. In this investigation the most relevant aspects of lithium, its importance in new technologies, and the case of Chile in the lithium market and strategies that the country should have will be presented. The opportunity that lithium has, as the market is relatively new, is that the countries involved have defined their strategy, particularly their intention in rising their participation in the value chain, which is to produce a final product and not a raw material. Due to the high interest in the fabrication of electric vehicles, there is a huge opportunity for the producer countries. With respect to the lithium market, Chile has to do something quickly, which will secure its participation in the value chain. However, the country has to be careful enough to keep the interest from foreign investors. Chile is not the only country having high reserves of lithium, and environmental effects are still unknown. Normatives should protect to all who are involved in the exploitation of this natural resource, which will maintain the interest from foreign countries.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero Civil en Metalurgia)
Palabras clave
Litio, Chile, Bibliografías