Penalización del aborto: violencia política y abusos de la memoria en Chile
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2018-06
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es
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UNIV SAOPAULO
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Licencia CC
Resumen
Chile es uno de los seis países en el mundo en los cuales el aborto está criminalizado. Aunque ya en 1931 la legislación chilena permitía interrumpir embarazos en determinadas circunstancias, en 1989, al final de la dictadura militar de Pinochet, la legislación fue modificada, prohibiendo el aborto en toda circunstancia. Desde el retorno de la democracia al país hace 27 años, ningún Gobierno ha empujado una legislación que despenalice el aborto. En el 2015 la Presidenta Bachelet envió una moción al Parlamento para legislar el aborto en tres causales específicas. Aquella moción ha hecho surgir el ultraconservadurismo de la derecha y centroderecha chilena, quienes, intentando desvirtuar el debate público y legislativo, plantean que se trata de una estrategia para legalizar el aborto libre, comparando dicha figura con las muertes, torturas y desapariciones políticas de más de mil personas ocurridas durante la dictadura en nuestro país. Este artículo intenta dar cuenta de la situación legislativa, cultural, y del manejo biopolítico del aborto en Chile durante los últimos años.
Chile is one of the six countries in the world where abortion is criminalized. Although in 1931 chilean legislation allowed to interrupt pregnancies under certain circumstances, in 1989 and by the end of Pinochet’s dictatorship, legislation was modified in order to forbid abortions under any circumstance. Since the return of democracy in the country 27 years ago, no government has pushed a legislation to decriminalize abortion. In 2015 President Bachelet sent a motion to the Parliament in order to legislate abortion in three specific cases. That motion has ignited the ultraconservadurism of the chilean right wing, who, trying to distort both public and legislative debate saying it is a strategy to allow abortions (not just under certain circumstances, as the presidential motion says), comparing this with deaths, torture and political disappearences of more than a thousand people occured during the dictatorship in our country. This article tries to make a review of the legislative and cultural situation, as well as the biopolitical management of the abortion in Chile over the last years. © 2018, UNIV SAOPAULO. All rights reserved.
Chile is one of the six countries in the world where abortion is criminalized. Although in 1931 chilean legislation allowed to interrupt pregnancies under certain circumstances, in 1989 and by the end of Pinochet’s dictatorship, legislation was modified in order to forbid abortions under any circumstance. Since the return of democracy in the country 27 years ago, no government has pushed a legislation to decriminalize abortion. In 2015 President Bachelet sent a motion to the Parliament in order to legislate abortion in three specific cases. That motion has ignited the ultraconservadurism of the chilean right wing, who, trying to distort both public and legislative debate saying it is a strategy to allow abortions (not just under certain circumstances, as the presidential motion says), comparing this with deaths, torture and political disappearences of more than a thousand people occured during the dictatorship in our country. This article tries to make a review of the legislative and cultural situation, as well as the biopolitical management of the abortion in Chile over the last years. © 2018, UNIV SAOPAULO. All rights reserved.
Notas
Indexación: Scopus; Scielo.
Palabras clave
Aborto, Violencia Política, Dictadura, Duelo, Detenidos Desaparecidos, Chile
Citación
Saude e Sociedade, 27(2), pp. 367-380