Comportamiento de los grados de severidad del asma con la comorbilidad: Diabetes Mellitus 2, Hipertensión Arterial y Obesidad, en usuarias de 55 a 69 años bajo control hasta el mes de Agosto año 2014 en el Centro de Salud Familiar Barón, y Región Valparaíso
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2015
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
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Resumen
En la actualidad, las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles están presentes en una gran cantidad de la población y pueden afectar o agravar diferentes patologías, como es el caso del Asma.
Esta investigación tiene como propósito asociar los grados de severidad del asma (leve, moderado, severo) con las comorbilidades Diabetes Mellitus 2, Hipertensión Arterial y Obesidad en mujeres entre 55 a 69 años, pertenecientes a la sala ERA del CESFAM Barón de la ciudad de Valparaíso.
Es un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, asociativo y transversal. Se seleccionó del tarjetero y CENSO de Agosto 2014 de la sala ERA del CESFAM Barón a un grupo de 56 mujeres con diagnóstico de Asma con o sin presencia de comorbilidad con una edad promedio de 62.6 años y una desviación estándar de ±4,13. Los datos fueron analizados con el software STATA 13.0, considerándose como significativos valores p < 0.05. Se utilizó estadísticas descriptivas e inferencial bivariado, con pruebas de independencia X2 y exacta de Fisher para asociar la severidad del Asma con una comorbilidad determinada, y un modelo de regresión logística en el análisis multivariado.
En la categoría de Asma Leve la OB con un p valor = 0.533 fue la comorbilidad más prevalente, seguida por HTA con un p valor = 0.172 y DM2 con un p valor = 0.508. En la categoría Moderado-Severo esto cambia, y es la HTA la comorbilidad más prevalente, seguida por OB y DM2.
Ninguna comorbilidad estudiada fue significativa por sí sola en los diferentes grados de severidad del Asma, sin embargo, tomadas en cuenta como un conjunto, la HTA es la comorbilidad estudiada más relevante en la severidad de Asma, con un p valor = 0,011, confirmando la mayor prevalencia de esta en la categoría Moderado-Severo.
Currently, chronic non transmissible diseases can be found in lots of people among the population and can affect or aggravate various pathologies, such as Asthma. This is a quantitative, descriptive and transversal research and it aims to associate Diabetes Mellitus 2, Hypertension and Obesity in women who have been diagnosed with asthma (mild, moderate and severe). These women are between 55 and 69 years old and they are patients in ERA’s room that belongs to CESFAM Baron in Valparaiso. A group of 56 women diagnosed with asthma, with or without comorbidity with an average age of 62.6 years old and a standard deviation of ± 4.13, were selected from the card holder. The health information was checked according to the August 2014 CENSUS done in ERA’s room that belongs to CESFAM Baron. Data was analyzed using STATA 13.0 software, it was considered as significant p values <0.05. Descriptive and inferential bivariate statistics were used, as well as independence X2 test and Fisher exact test to associate Asthma severity with a particular comorbidity, and logistic regression model in the multivariate analysis. In the category of Mild Asthma the OB with a p-value = 0.533 was the most prevalent comorbidity, followed by HTA with a p-value = 0.172 and DM2 with p value = 0.508. In the category Moderate and Severe this changes, and HTA is the most prevalent comorbid, followed by OB and DM2. None of the studied comorbidity was significant by itself in different degrees of severity of asthma. However, taken into account as a whole, the HTA is the more relevant comorbidity studied according to the severity of asthma, with p value = 0.011, confirming the increased prevalence of this in the Moderate-severe category.
Currently, chronic non transmissible diseases can be found in lots of people among the population and can affect or aggravate various pathologies, such as Asthma. This is a quantitative, descriptive and transversal research and it aims to associate Diabetes Mellitus 2, Hypertension and Obesity in women who have been diagnosed with asthma (mild, moderate and severe). These women are between 55 and 69 years old and they are patients in ERA’s room that belongs to CESFAM Baron in Valparaiso. A group of 56 women diagnosed with asthma, with or without comorbidity with an average age of 62.6 years old and a standard deviation of ± 4.13, were selected from the card holder. The health information was checked according to the August 2014 CENSUS done in ERA’s room that belongs to CESFAM Baron. Data was analyzed using STATA 13.0 software, it was considered as significant p values <0.05. Descriptive and inferential bivariate statistics were used, as well as independence X2 test and Fisher exact test to associate Asthma severity with a particular comorbidity, and logistic regression model in the multivariate analysis. In the category of Mild Asthma the OB with a p-value = 0.533 was the most prevalent comorbidity, followed by HTA with a p-value = 0.172 and DM2 with p value = 0.508. In the category Moderate and Severe this changes, and HTA is the most prevalent comorbid, followed by OB and DM2. None of the studied comorbidity was significant by itself in different degrees of severity of asthma. However, taken into account as a whole, the HTA is the more relevant comorbidity studied according to the severity of asthma, with p value = 0.011, confirming the increased prevalence of this in the Moderate-severe category.
Notas
Tesis (Kinesiología)
Palabras clave
Enfermedades Crónicas, Casos Clínicos, Clasificación de Enfermedades, Adulto Mayor, Asma