Terapia Ocupacional y equipos de salud : Experiencias en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos de la Quinta regiĆ³n
Cargando...
Archivos
Fecha
2019
Profesor/a GuĆa
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
TĆtulo de la revista
ISSN de la revista
TĆtulo del volumen
Editor
Universidad AndrƩs Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
El presente seminario de investigaciĆ³n tiene como objetivo general interpretar los relatos de las y los profesionales pertenecientes a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Servicio de Salud ViƱa del Mar - Quillota en relaciĆ³n con la inclusiĆ³n o exclusiĆ³n de Terapeutas Ocupacionales y los fundamentos del discurso oficial de la OrganizaciĆ³n Mundial de la Salud. Para dar respuesta a este objetivo y producir la informaciĆ³n necesaria para la investigaciĆ³n, se utilizĆ³ la entrevista semiestructurada en profundidad dirigida a tres profesionales de la salud que hayan tenido la experiencia de trabajar junto a terapeutas ocupacionales en alguna Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Servicio de Salud de ViƱa del Mar - Quillota. Para el anĆ”lisis de esta informaciĆ³n, se realizĆ³ un anĆ”lisis de contenido de discurso categorial, todo lo anteriormente mencionado se situĆ³ bajo los lineamientos del paradigma de la complejidad y desde un enfoque hermenĆ©utico el cual permitiĆ³ recoger significados nacidos desde estas experiencias de los/as entrevistados/as para su posterior interpretaciĆ³n por parte de las investigadoras, triangulando estas dos perspectivas con la informaciĆ³n recabada en el marco teĆ³rico.
En cuanto a los resultados de la investigaciĆ³n, se evidenciĆ³ en primer lugar que la valoraciĆ³n que se tiene de la Terapia Ocupacional en la UCI por parte de los/as entrevistados/as es de tipo reduccionista, en donde se destaca principalmente la intervenciĆ³n en el Ć”mbito de la rehabilitaciĆ³n fĆsica, especĆficamente en la confecciĆ³n de ortesis y en menor grado en el Ć”mbito cognitivo, dejando fuera otras Ć”reas en las cuales se podrĆa desempeƱar un terapeuta ocupacional. AdemĆ”s, se identificĆ³ que existe un desconocimiento de la disciplina de Terapia Ocupacional, lo cual tambiĆ©n influye en lo mencionado con anterioridad. En segundo lugar, se reconociĆ³ una jerarquizaciĆ³n impuesta dentro de los equipos de salud en las UCI, con respecto a los profesionales que se desempeƱan como parte de este, siendo los/as mĆ©dicos quienes lideran esta estructura y quienes toman la Ćŗltima decisiĆ³n. Finalmente, se evidencia que en ninguno de los casos el/la terapeuta ocupacional es parte del equipo de planta de las UCI, lo cual abre un debate con respecto al porquĆ© de esta situaciĆ³n.
The purpose of this research seminar is to interpret the stories of the professionals belonging to the Intensive Care Unit of the ViƱa del Mar - Quillota Health Service in relation to the inclusion or exclusion of Occupational Therapists and the fundamentals of the official discourse of World Health Organization. To respond to this objective and produce the necessary information for the investigation, I verified in-depth the semi-structured interview directed to three health professionals who have had the experience of working together with occupational therapists in an Intensive Care Unit of the Health Service from ViƱa del Mar - Quillota. For the analysis of this information, a categorical discourse content analysis was carried out, all the above mentioned was placed under the guidelines of the complexity paradigm and from a hermeneutical approach which allowed to gather lots of significance meanings, born from these experiences of the interviews for their subsequent interpretation by the researchers, triangulating these two perspectives with the information gathered in the theoretical framework. Regarding the results of the research, it was evidenced in first place that the evaluation of Occupational Therapy in the UCI by the as interviewees it is of the reductionist type, where it is highlighted the intervention in the Physical Rehabilitation area, specifically in the preparation of orthotics and on a less degree in the cognitive field, leaving out other areas on which a occupational therapist could perform. In addition, it was identified that there is a lack of knowledge of the United Nations in the discipline of Occupational Therapy, which also influences on the just mentioned. Secondly, a hierarchy imposed within the health teams in the UCI is recognized, regarding the professionals who work as part of it, being the doctors who lead this structure and who make the last decision. Finally, it is evident that in none of the cases the occupational therapist is part of the UCI plant team, which opens a debate questioning āwhy is this situation happening?ā.
The purpose of this research seminar is to interpret the stories of the professionals belonging to the Intensive Care Unit of the ViƱa del Mar - Quillota Health Service in relation to the inclusion or exclusion of Occupational Therapists and the fundamentals of the official discourse of World Health Organization. To respond to this objective and produce the necessary information for the investigation, I verified in-depth the semi-structured interview directed to three health professionals who have had the experience of working together with occupational therapists in an Intensive Care Unit of the Health Service from ViƱa del Mar - Quillota. For the analysis of this information, a categorical discourse content analysis was carried out, all the above mentioned was placed under the guidelines of the complexity paradigm and from a hermeneutical approach which allowed to gather lots of significance meanings, born from these experiences of the interviews for their subsequent interpretation by the researchers, triangulating these two perspectives with the information gathered in the theoretical framework. Regarding the results of the research, it was evidenced in first place that the evaluation of Occupational Therapy in the UCI by the as interviewees it is of the reductionist type, where it is highlighted the intervention in the Physical Rehabilitation area, specifically in the preparation of orthotics and on a less degree in the cognitive field, leaving out other areas on which a occupational therapist could perform. In addition, it was identified that there is a lack of knowledge of the United Nations in the discipline of Occupational Therapy, which also influences on the just mentioned. Secondly, a hierarchy imposed within the health teams in the UCI is recognized, regarding the professionals who work as part of it, being the doctors who lead this structure and who make the last decision. Finally, it is evident that in none of the cases the occupational therapist is part of the UCI plant team, which opens a debate questioning āwhy is this situation happening?ā.
Notas
Tesis (Terapia Ocupacional)
Palabras clave
Terapeutas Ocupacionales, DesempeƱo Ocupacional, ValoraciĆ³n Profesional, Servicios de Salud, Cuidados CrĆticos, RehabilitaciĆ³n FĆsica