Variación temporal del ensamble de procellariiformes en la zona costera de Valparaíso
Cargando...
Archivos
Fecha
2011
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La presencia y distribución de las aves Procellariiformes están fuertemente influenciadas por
factores oceanográficos y atmosféricos, hábitos reproductivos y migratorios. Estas aves marinas se
asocian a surgencias, como el sistema de la Corriente de Humboldt, el cual cumple un rol
importante como área de descanso y alimentación. El propósito de este estudio fue describir la
diversidad (riqueza de especies y abundancia) de aves Procellariiformes y sus variaciones
estacionales frente a la costa de Valparaíso (33°S), Chile. El estudio se realizó entre julio 2006 y
julio 2009 realizando conteos mensuales desde una embarcación. Se registraron 19 especies de
Procellariiformes (5 especies de albatros, 12 fardelas y petreles, un yunco y una golondrina de mar).
La abundancia, diversidad y uniformidad de individuos no varió estacionalmente durante el período
de estudio, en cambio la riqueza de especies mostró variaciones estacionales, siendo mayor en
invierno. Análisis de cluster indicaron la existencia de seis grupos: visitantes invernales,
primaverales, estivales, otoñales, residentes y ocasionales, siendo el grupo de los visitantes
invernales el que tuvo una mayor riqueza de especies. Se encontraron siete especies como las más
representativas basadas en sus abundancias estacionales: Thalassarche melanophrys, Procellaria
aequinoctialis, Puffinus griseus, P. creatopus, Fulmarus glacialoides, Daption capense y
Pelecanoides garnotii. Se pudo determinar que la abundancia y la riqueza disminuyen a mayor
temperatura del mar, no así la diversidad. Se espera que este trabajo aporte al conocimiento de las
distribuciones de estas especies de Procellariiformes a lo largo de sus ciclos anuales, la mayoría de
las cuáles presenta delicados estados de conservación a nivel global.
The presence and distribution of birds Procellariiformes are strongly influenced by oceanographic and atmospheric factors, reproductive and migratory habits. These seabirds are associated with upwelling (vertical moves of water masses), as the system of the Humboldt Current, which plays an important role as resting and feeding area. The purpose of this study was to describe the diversity (species richness and abundance) of Procellariiformes birds and their seasonal variations in front of coast of Valparaiso (33 0 S), Chile. The study was conducted between July 2006 and July 2009 doing monthly counts from a boat. We recorded 19 species of Procellariifonnes (5 species of albatrosses, 12 shearwaters and petrels, 1 diving-petrel and Item). The abundance, diversity and uniformity of individuals did not vary seasonally during the study period, otherwise the species richness showed seasonal variations, being higher in winter. Cluster analysis indicated the existence of six seasonal groups: winter visitors, spring, summer, autumn, residents and casual, be the group of winter visitors which had higher species richness. It were found seven species as the most representative based on their seasonal abundance: Thalassarche melanophrys, Procellaria aequinoctialis, Puffìnus griseus, P. creatopus, Fulmarus glacialoides, Daption capense and Pelecanoides garnoti. It could determined that the abundance and richness decreased at higher temperature of the sea, but not diversity. It is hoped that this work confributes to knowledge of the disfributions of these species of Procellariiformes along their annual cycles, most of which presents delicate conservation status worldwide.
The presence and distribution of birds Procellariiformes are strongly influenced by oceanographic and atmospheric factors, reproductive and migratory habits. These seabirds are associated with upwelling (vertical moves of water masses), as the system of the Humboldt Current, which plays an important role as resting and feeding area. The purpose of this study was to describe the diversity (species richness and abundance) of Procellariiformes birds and their seasonal variations in front of coast of Valparaiso (33 0 S), Chile. The study was conducted between July 2006 and July 2009 doing monthly counts from a boat. We recorded 19 species of Procellariifonnes (5 species of albatrosses, 12 shearwaters and petrels, 1 diving-petrel and Item). The abundance, diversity and uniformity of individuals did not vary seasonally during the study period, otherwise the species richness showed seasonal variations, being higher in winter. Cluster analysis indicated the existence of six seasonal groups: winter visitors, spring, summer, autumn, residents and casual, be the group of winter visitors which had higher species richness. It were found seven species as the most representative based on their seasonal abundance: Thalassarche melanophrys, Procellaria aequinoctialis, Puffìnus griseus, P. creatopus, Fulmarus glacialoides, Daption capense and Pelecanoides garnoti. It could determined that the abundance and richness decreased at higher temperature of the sea, but not diversity. It is hoped that this work confributes to knowledge of the disfributions of these species of Procellariiformes along their annual cycles, most of which presents delicate conservation status worldwide.
Notas
Tesis (Magíster en Biología Marina)
Palabras clave
Aves, Aves Marinas, Chile, Valparaíso