Efecto en el crecimiento y la sobrevivencia para juveniles de Samastacus Spinifrons, con nueva estrategia de alimentaciĆ³n en sistema de cultivo semi intensivo
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2003
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Universidad AndrƩs Bello
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Se evaluĆ³ el efecto que provocarĆa la nueva estrategia de alimentaciĆ³n en juveniles de la especie de camarĆ³n de rĆo del sur, Samastacus spinifrons, en sistema de cultivo semiintensivo, a partir del primer dĆa de alimentaciĆ³n hasta los tres primeros meses de vida, luego de su liberaciĆ³n; evaluando Tasa de Crecimiento y sobrevivencia.
Esta investigaciĆ³n se llevĆ³ a cabo dentro de un invernadero experimental, de la empresa FundaciĆ³n Chile, para las etapas iniciales del cultivo del camarĆ³n de rĆo del sur, ubicado en la zona de Quillaipe, km 25 de la Carretera Austral, X regiĆ³n de Chile.
Originalmente la alimentaciĆ³n ocurrĆa una vez al dĆa, entre las 16:00 y las 18:00 horas aproximadamente. La estrategia propuesta en este proyecto consiste en alimentar dos veces
por dĆa en horarios de elevada actividad de los parastĆ”cidos: justo antes del amanecer y
antes de la puesta de sol.
Luego de llevar a cabo un anĆ”lisis de varianza tipo ANOVA para los resultados de muestreo obtenidos en la investigaciĆ³n, tanto para las variables de peso hĆŗmedo (PH), como para largo total (LT), es destacable decir, que en los dos Ćŗltimos anĆ”lisis el grupo tratamiento tuvo un crecimiento significativamente mayor en comparaciĆ³n al grupo control.
En lo que respecta a la sobrevivencia, es posible decir, luego de haber analizado los resultados con una comparaciĆ³n de proporciones entre dos variables independientes (Grupo Tratamiento v/s Grupo Control), que dentro de los 22 resultados obtenidos, en los nĆŗmeros 14, 15 y 16 hubo diferencias significativas por parte del grupo control, en comparaciĆ³n al grupo tratamiento.
Luego del anĆ”lisis respectivo hecho para la ātasa de crecimientoā, se concluye que , al aplicar la innovaciĆ³n propuesta en esta tesis de grado, alimentando en los horarios pico de actividad de la mayorĆa de los parastĆ”cidos, hay mayor crecimiento por parte del grupo tratamiento, con diferencias significativas.
Finalmente, tras el anĆ”lisis hecho para los niveles de āsobrevivenciaā de los juveniles de Samastacus spinifrons, es posible concluir que, al alimentar en los horarios pico de actividad de la mayorĆa de los parastĆ”cidos , hubo diferencia significativa, con mayor sobrevivencia en el grupo control en parte del tiempo de investigaciĆ³n.
Implementing a new feeding strategy amidst a semi-intensive culture for young crayfish from the south, Samastacus spinifrons, was the object of this evaluation. This young crayfish were fed from their very first day when liberated from their mothers up to they were 3 months old; the main issue being augmenting the growing rate of the species and achieving a major surviving rate. This research took place in the experimental nursery for the early culture of crayfish from the south of FundaciĆ³n Chile, located in the Quillaipe region, km 25 of the Austral Road, on the X region of Chile. At present, this species are fed once a day, between 16:00 and 18:00. This project pretends to implement a new feeding strategy done twice a day while astacidus are highly active, that is to say just before sunrise and before sunset. The investigation sample results, as for humid weight variants (PH) and as for total height (LT) in an ANOVA type variant analysis, were that, in the last 2 taken analysis, the treatment group had significantly grown more than the control group. As far as the surviving of the species is concerned a proportion comparison analysis between independent variants (treatment group vs. control group) was made and the number 14, 15 and 16, out of the 22 obtained results, confirmed a major surviving rate of the control group, than that of the treatment group. The conclusion after analysing the growth rate is that, when applying the proposed innovation on this thesis, the majority of the parastacidos that were fed on peak activity hours have had a better and significant development and growth. When analysed the young Samastacus spinifrons survival levels it is possible to conclude that, when fed on peak activity hours, most of the parastacidos have had a major survival rate within the controlled group during the investigation.
Implementing a new feeding strategy amidst a semi-intensive culture for young crayfish from the south, Samastacus spinifrons, was the object of this evaluation. This young crayfish were fed from their very first day when liberated from their mothers up to they were 3 months old; the main issue being augmenting the growing rate of the species and achieving a major surviving rate. This research took place in the experimental nursery for the early culture of crayfish from the south of FundaciĆ³n Chile, located in the Quillaipe region, km 25 of the Austral Road, on the X region of Chile. At present, this species are fed once a day, between 16:00 and 18:00. This project pretends to implement a new feeding strategy done twice a day while astacidus are highly active, that is to say just before sunrise and before sunset. The investigation sample results, as for humid weight variants (PH) and as for total height (LT) in an ANOVA type variant analysis, were that, in the last 2 taken analysis, the treatment group had significantly grown more than the control group. As far as the surviving of the species is concerned a proportion comparison analysis between independent variants (treatment group vs. control group) was made and the number 14, 15 and 16, out of the 22 obtained results, confirmed a major surviving rate of the control group, than that of the treatment group. The conclusion after analysing the growth rate is that, when applying the proposed innovation on this thesis, the majority of the parastacidos that were fed on peak activity hours have had a better and significant development and growth. When analysed the young Samastacus spinifrons survival levels it is possible to conclude that, when fed on peak activity hours, most of the parastacidos have had a major survival rate within the controlled group during the investigation.
Notas
Tesis (IngenierĆa en Acuicultura)
Palabras clave
CamarĆ³n de rĆo, Estrategias de alimentaciĆ³n, Sistemas de cultivos, Chile, Tasa de crecimiento y sobrevivencia