Elaboración de un sistema de despacho de camiones desde mina El Dorado a Puerto Guayacán, Coquimbo
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Fecha
2019
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Profesor/a Guía
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Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En general, el desarrollo de este trabajo se divide en la evaluación técnica y económica de una flota de camiones en conjunto con diferentes cantidades de equipos de carguío de acuerdo con una serie de parámetros que limitan la operación de despacho desde mina El Dorado a puerto Guayacán en conjunto con la identificación y propuesta de medidas de mitigación de impactos para la operación.
Para el análisis técnico, se analizó el contexto en el que se realizará la operación obteniendo la base para la posterior evaluación económica de la que se obtuvieron los resultados finales. Esta base se conformó por el análisis y selección de la ruta, estimación de los tiempos para el cálculo de los índices operacionales y simulación en Talpac.
En primer lugar, se seleccionó una ruta adecuada evitando el impacto de la operación en localidades pobladas y acorde a las actividades presentes en la zona, analizando además los datos obtenidos del levantamiento topográfico en terreno.
Las velocidades fueron obtenidas a partir de los datos del levantamiento topográfico, llegando a una primera aproximación mediante el uso de las curvas de desempeño que fueron complementadas con variables asociadas a las rutas y el estado de la carpeta de rodado.
Para el comienzo del trabajo en el software se ingresaron los resultados obtenidos a partir las distancias de los trayectos, las velocidades, la resistencia a la rodadura, la pendiente de los trayectos, las características del material a transportar y los turnos de trabajo.
Para ingresar los equipos al software e iniciar la simulación se crearon copias que permitieran añadir sus características técnicas e incorporar los índices operacionales.
Para la evaluación técnica se simularon escenarios variando la cantidad de cargadores frontales y camiones, evaluando diferentes marcas y modelos. De esto se obtuvieron los equipos necesarios para realizar el despacho y los datos asociados a los tiempos y la productividad de la flota en conjunto con los equipos de carguío.
Con las rutas seleccionadas y una vez visualizada la situación global de la operación se identificaron los posibles impactos que podría generar el despacho.
Teniendo como base la evaluación técnica se aplicó la ecuación de valor actualizado de costos para comparar los beneficios de cada modelo. De esta manera fue posible elegir y proponer la alternativa de menor costo al dueño de la empresa para la toma de la decisión final.
A partir de los impactos identificados se propuso una serie de medidas de mitigación y tomando en cuenta la decisión final del dueño se realizó una evaluación técnica - económica de la flota detallando de los costos y la productividad que tendrían los distintos modelos para alcanzar la producción requerida.
In general, the development of this work is divided into the technical and economic evaluation of a fleet of trucks in conjunction with different quantities of loading equipment according to a series of parameters that limit the dispatch operation from El Dorado mine to Puerto Guayacán in conjunction with the identification and proposal of measures to mitigate impacts for the operation. For the technical analysis, the context in which the operation will be carried out was analyzed, obtaining the basis for the subsequent economic evaluation from which the final results were obtained. This base was formed by the analysis and selection of the route, estimation of the times for the calculation of the operational indexes and simulation in Talpac. In the first place, an appropriate route was selected avoiding the impact of the operation in populated localities and according to the activities present in the area, also analyzing the data obtained from the topographic survey in terrain. The velocities were obtained from the topographic survey data, reaching a first approximation by using the performance curves that were complemented with variables associated with the routes and the state of the road folder. For the start of work in the software, the results obtained were entered from the distances of the journeys, the speeds, the rolling resistance, the slope of the paths, the characteristics of the material to be transported and the work shifts. To insert the equipment into the software and start the simulation, copies were created that would allow adding its technical characteristics and incorporating the operational indexes. For the technical evaluation, scenarios were simulated where the number of front loaders and trucks varied, evaluating different brands and models. From this, the necessary equipment was obtained to carry out the dispatch and data associated with the times and productivity of the fleet in conjunction with the loading equipment. With the selected routes and once the global situation of the operation was visualized, the possible impacts that the dispatch could generate were identified. Based on the technical evaluation, the updated cost value equation was applied to compare the benefits of each model. Thus, choose and propose the lowest cost alternative to the owner of the company to make a final decision. Based on the identified impacts, a series of mitigation measures was proposed and taking into account the final decision of the owner, a technical - economic evaluation of the fleet was made, detailing the costs and productivity that the different models would have to reach the required production.
In general, the development of this work is divided into the technical and economic evaluation of a fleet of trucks in conjunction with different quantities of loading equipment according to a series of parameters that limit the dispatch operation from El Dorado mine to Puerto Guayacán in conjunction with the identification and proposal of measures to mitigate impacts for the operation. For the technical analysis, the context in which the operation will be carried out was analyzed, obtaining the basis for the subsequent economic evaluation from which the final results were obtained. This base was formed by the analysis and selection of the route, estimation of the times for the calculation of the operational indexes and simulation in Talpac. In the first place, an appropriate route was selected avoiding the impact of the operation in populated localities and according to the activities present in the area, also analyzing the data obtained from the topographic survey in terrain. The velocities were obtained from the topographic survey data, reaching a first approximation by using the performance curves that were complemented with variables associated with the routes and the state of the road folder. For the start of work in the software, the results obtained were entered from the distances of the journeys, the speeds, the rolling resistance, the slope of the paths, the characteristics of the material to be transported and the work shifts. To insert the equipment into the software and start the simulation, copies were created that would allow adding its technical characteristics and incorporating the operational indexes. For the technical evaluation, scenarios were simulated where the number of front loaders and trucks varied, evaluating different brands and models. From this, the necessary equipment was obtained to carry out the dispatch and data associated with the times and productivity of the fleet in conjunction with the loading equipment. With the selected routes and once the global situation of the operation was visualized, the possible impacts that the dispatch could generate were identified. Based on the technical evaluation, the updated cost value equation was applied to compare the benefits of each model. Thus, choose and propose the lowest cost alternative to the owner of the company to make a final decision. Based on the identified impacts, a series of mitigation measures was proposed and taking into account the final decision of the owner, a technical - economic evaluation of the fleet was made, detailing the costs and productivity that the different models would have to reach the required production.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero Civil en Minas)
Palabras clave
Puerto Guayacán, Coquimbo, Región de Coquimbo, Chile, Concepción, Región del Bío-Bío