Estado de salud oral de niños de 4-5 años y nivel de conocimientos materno, Concepción 2015
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Fecha
2015
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Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Antecedentes: La salud oral de los niños depende de la supervisión de un adulto, generalmente son sus madres. La falta de conocimiento materno en salud oral induce malas prácticas en los hábitos de higiene, siendo un factor de riesgo para sus hijos que repercutirá en sus vidas adultas.
Justificación: evaluar la salud oral de los niños entre 4-5 años y su relación con el nivel de conocimientos maternos es importante porque, ya que en esta edad aún los niños están en una etapa de dentición temporal haciendo que cualquier medida preventiva durante este periodo, sea más efectiva para la posterior prevención sobre enfermedades bucodentales en la dentición permanente.
Objetivo: Evaluar el estado de salud oral de niños entre 4 y 5 años de edad, y su relación con el nivel de conocimiento materno en salud bucodental.
Material y métodos: Estudio de abordaje cuantitativo, cuyo diseño es Observacional: transversal, analítico, en niños entre 4 y 5 años de edad, del colegio Camilo Henríquez, Concepción. Se evaluó una muestra no probabilística intencionada constituida por 52 niños y sus madres, que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y que sus madres consintieron informadamente participar en el estudio. Se les aplico a las madres una encuesta que evaluó el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud oral validada con juicio de expertos. A los niños se les aplico un examen oral básico, que incluirá CEOD CEOPD, Oleary y gingival.
Los resultados de la encuesta de “conocimientos” y su nivel de salud oral se analizaron con el software estadístico SPSS 22, los análisis estadísticos fueron analizados mediante el uso de Test para determinación de diferencias, y asociación.
Resultados: la asociación del nivel de conocimentos de las madres sobre salud oral y el estado bucodental de sus hijos no tuvo resultados estadísticamente significativos, pese a eso, algunos de los resultados más relevantes fueron, la asociación del nivel de conocimiento y la higiene oral, que mostraron que aquellas madres que obtuvieron un mayor nivel de conocimientos, sus hijos mantenían una buena higiene oral. Por otro lado el nivel de conocimientos de las madres se concentró en el nivel regular con un 73%.
La asociación del índice ceod y el nivel de conocimientos de las madres, muestra que un promedio alto de ceod 5,6, se relaciona con un nivel regular en conocimientos sobre salud oral por parte de las madres.
Conclusión: Existen los suficientes conocimientos de las madres para que sus hijos mantengan una buena salud oral, sin embargo la prevalencia de caries en niños sigue siendo alta, evidenciando que el conocimiento, no establece que las madres educen a sus hijos para que tengan buenas practicas sobre salud oral, por lo que establecer estudios sobre buenas prácticas en salud oral podria complementar en gran medida esta investigación.
Background: The oral health of children depend on adult supervision, are usually their mothers. The lack of maternal knowledge on oral health practices induces bad hygiene habits, being a risk factor for your kids that will affect their adult lives. Justification: To evaluate the oral health of children 4-5 years and their relationship to the level of maternal knowledge is important because, since at this age children are still in a stage of dentition making any preventive measure during this period it is more effective for the prevention of oral diseases later in the permanent dentition. Objective: To evaluate the oral health status of children between 4 and 5 years old, and their relationship to the level of maternal knowledge on oral health. Methods: quantitative study, whose design is observational: transversal, analytical, children between 4 and 5 years old, the school Camilo Henríquez, Concepción. A sample consisting of 52 children and their mothers, randomly selected, who met the inclusion criteria and consented to an informed their mothers in the study were evaluated. They were applied to mothers survey assessed the level of knowledge on oral health. Children were applied basic oral exam, including CEOD CEOPD, Oleary and gingival. The results of the survey of "knowledge" and the level of oral health were analyzed using statistical test for determining differences, and association. Results: Association conocimentos level of mothers about oral health and dental status of their children had no statistically significant results, despite that, some of the most important results were, the association of knowledge and level of oral hygiene, which showed that mothers who obtained a higher level of knowledge, kept their children good oral hygiene. On the other hand the level of knowledge of mothers focused on the regular level 73%. The association dmft index and the level of knowledge of mothers, shows that a high average of 5.6 ceod is related to a regular level in oral health knowledge of mothers. Conclusión: There is sufficient knowledge of mothers for their children maintain good oral health, yet the prevalence of caries in children remains high, showing that knowledge does not provide that mothers educen their children to have good practices oral health, so establish studies on best practices in oral health could greatly complement this research.
Background: The oral health of children depend on adult supervision, are usually their mothers. The lack of maternal knowledge on oral health practices induces bad hygiene habits, being a risk factor for your kids that will affect their adult lives. Justification: To evaluate the oral health of children 4-5 years and their relationship to the level of maternal knowledge is important because, since at this age children are still in a stage of dentition making any preventive measure during this period it is more effective for the prevention of oral diseases later in the permanent dentition. Objective: To evaluate the oral health status of children between 4 and 5 years old, and their relationship to the level of maternal knowledge on oral health. Methods: quantitative study, whose design is observational: transversal, analytical, children between 4 and 5 years old, the school Camilo Henríquez, Concepción. A sample consisting of 52 children and their mothers, randomly selected, who met the inclusion criteria and consented to an informed their mothers in the study were evaluated. They were applied to mothers survey assessed the level of knowledge on oral health. Children were applied basic oral exam, including CEOD CEOPD, Oleary and gingival. The results of the survey of "knowledge" and the level of oral health were analyzed using statistical test for determining differences, and association. Results: Association conocimentos level of mothers about oral health and dental status of their children had no statistically significant results, despite that, some of the most important results were, the association of knowledge and level of oral hygiene, which showed that mothers who obtained a higher level of knowledge, kept their children good oral hygiene. On the other hand the level of knowledge of mothers focused on the regular level 73%. The association dmft index and the level of knowledge of mothers, shows that a high average of 5.6 ceod is related to a regular level in oral health knowledge of mothers. Conclusión: There is sufficient knowledge of mothers for their children maintain good oral health, yet the prevalence of caries in children remains high, showing that knowledge does not provide that mothers educen their children to have good practices oral health, so establish studies on best practices in oral health could greatly complement this research.
Notas
Tesis (Cirujano Dentista, Grado de Magíster en Ciencias Odontológicas)
Palabras clave
Salud Oral, Conocimientos