Los principales problemas que debe enfrentar el cultivo de Crassostrea gigas
Thunberg, 1793, corresponden a las etapas de fijación y metamorfosis, donde se
registran las mayores mortalidades.
Esta tesis propone optimizar los rendimientos de fijación y supervivencia de
C. gigas, experimentando con 8 protocolos de fijación, en los que se combinaron 2
temperaturas, 2 fotoperiodos, y desecación. La experimentación se realizó en la
empresa Cultivos Mare Aperto LTDA. en triplicado empleando larvas de un mismo
desove.
Los diferentes protocolos fueron evaluados de acuerdo al número de semillas
encontradas a las 6 semanas de crecimiento.
Mediante un modelo estadístico (ANOV A), se determinó la influencia que
tuvo cada uno de los factores abioticos utilizados y su comportamiento en forma
conjunta.
Con los análisis realizados, se determinó que para este experimento el factor
más relevante resulto ser la luz y el de menor importancia la temperatura.
El mejor tratamiento resulto ser el que se llevo a cabo sin luz, a temperatura
de 25 oc y sin desecación, arrojando resultados de 9,8 puntos porcentuales más altos
que el grupo control (Con luz día, r de 28° C y Sin desecación).
Con esto se concluye que se logro el objetivo general de la tesis, al obtener un
protocolo de fijación de semillas mejor que el utilizado por la empresa, sin incurrir en
gastos mayores.
The mam problems that the harvesting of Crassostrea gigas must face
(fhunberg, 1793) occur during the stages of fixation and metamorphosis, when the
highest mortality rates are registered.
This thesis proposed the optimization of the fixation and survival output of C.
gigas, by experimenting with 8 fixation protocols in which 2 temperatures, 2
photoperiods and desiccation were combined. The trials/experiments were realized in
Cultivos Mare Aperto Ltda. facilities. Each trial/experiment was realized in triplicate,
using larvae of the same spawning. The protocols were evaluated according to the
number of seeds found at the sixth week of growth.
Using a statistics model (ANOV A), it was possible to determine the influence
of each abiotic factor used, and their combined effects.
Considering the analysis carried on, it was determined that for these experiments the
most relevant factor was light. The least relevant was temperature.
The best treatment/protocol was the one carried out without light, at a
temperature of25°C and without desiccation. The results obtained were 9.8 points (in
percentage) higher than the control group ( at daylight, with a ro of 28°C and without
desiccation).
With these results it was possible to conclude that the thesis' general objective was
achieved by obtaining a seed-fixation protocol better than the one utilized by the
company and without incurring in higher expenses.
