Efecto de un programa de práctica mental adicionado a un programa de intervención física sobre el balance postural dinámico en niños de 9 a 10 años de edad del colegio Concepción San Pedro
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Fecha
2017
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La infancia es un período de desarrollo de habilidades motoras, dentro de estas el balance es la base sobre el cual se construyen las conductas motrices. Una herramienta de aprendizaje de bajo costo e implementación poco utilizada en niños es la práctica mental. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de un programa de práctica mental adicionado a un programa de intervención física sobre el balance postural dinámico en niños de 9 a 10 años de edad pertenecientes al colegio Concepción de San Pedro.
En este estudio participaron 35 niños, a los cuales se les evaluó el balance por medio del Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), Functional Reach Test (FRT) y One-leg Standing Balance (OLSB). Posterior a la evaluación, se generaron dos grupos de forma aleatoria, el grupo experimental (n=19), y el grupo control (n=16), ambos tuvieron 9 sesiones de ejercicios de balance de una duración de 20 minutos, adicionalmente, y posterior a cada intervención, el grupo experimental realizó 10 minutos iniciales de práctica mental.
Los resultados finales arrojaron cambios significativos en el grupo experimental (p=0,001); (p=0,000); (p=0,04) para los instrumentos FRT, SEBT y OLSB para la extremidad inferior derecha y en condición ojos abiertos, y al compararlo con el grupo control arrojo una diferencia significativa para los resultados del SEBT en la extremidad inferior derecha. (p=0,04). El grupo control arrojo cambios significativos para la valoración del SEBT, (p=0,000) y OLSB, para la extremidad inferior derecha en condición ojos abiertos. (p=0,01).
Por medio de este estudio se puede concluir, que un programa de práctica mental adicionado a uno físico, logra potenciar en parte el balance en niños con desarrollo normal. La importancia del tema radica en la uso de métodos subutilizados de bajo costo e implementación, que ayuden al fomento del desarrollo psicomotor otorgando nuevas oportunidades de aprendizaje, contribuyendo específicamente al incremento del balance postural en niños con desarrollo típico.
Childhood is a period of development of motor skills, within these the balance is the base on which the motor conducts are constructed. A low-cost learning tool and little used implementation in children is mental practice. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a program of mental practice added to a program of physical intervention on the dynamic postural balance in children from 9 to 10 years of age belonging to the Concepción de San Pedro school. In this study 35 children participated, and the balance was evaluated through the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), Functional Reach Test (FRT) and One-leg Standing Balance (OLSB). After the evaluation, two groups were randomly generated, the experimental group (n = 19), and the control group (n = 16), both had 9 sessions of balance exercises of a duration of 20 minutes, additionally, and After each intervention, the experimental group performed 10 minutes of initial mental practice. The final results showed significant changes in the experimental group (p = 0.001); (P = 0.000); (P = 0.04) for FRT, SEBT and OLSB instruments for the lower right limb and in open eyes, and when compared with the control group, a significant difference was observed for the right lower limb SEBT results. (P = 0.04). The control group showed significant changes for the assessment of SEBT, (p = 0.000) and OLSB, for the lower right extremity in open eyes condition. (P = 0.01). Through this study it can be concluded that a program of mental practice added to a physical one, manages to partially increase the balance in children with normal development. The importance of this topic lies in the use of low-cost, low-cost methods and implementation that help promote psychomotor development by providing new learning opportunities, specifically contributing to the increase in postural balance in children with typical development.
Childhood is a period of development of motor skills, within these the balance is the base on which the motor conducts are constructed. A low-cost learning tool and little used implementation in children is mental practice. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a program of mental practice added to a program of physical intervention on the dynamic postural balance in children from 9 to 10 years of age belonging to the Concepción de San Pedro school. In this study 35 children participated, and the balance was evaluated through the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), Functional Reach Test (FRT) and One-leg Standing Balance (OLSB). After the evaluation, two groups were randomly generated, the experimental group (n = 19), and the control group (n = 16), both had 9 sessions of balance exercises of a duration of 20 minutes, additionally, and After each intervention, the experimental group performed 10 minutes of initial mental practice. The final results showed significant changes in the experimental group (p = 0.001); (P = 0.000); (P = 0.04) for FRT, SEBT and OLSB instruments for the lower right limb and in open eyes, and when compared with the control group, a significant difference was observed for the right lower limb SEBT results. (P = 0.04). The control group showed significant changes for the assessment of SEBT, (p = 0.000) and OLSB, for the lower right extremity in open eyes condition. (P = 0.01). Through this study it can be concluded that a program of mental practice added to a physical one, manages to partially increase the balance in children with normal development. The importance of this topic lies in the use of low-cost, low-cost methods and implementation that help promote psychomotor development by providing new learning opportunities, specifically contributing to the increase in postural balance in children with typical development.
Notas
Tesis (Magíster en Neurorehabilitación)
Palabras clave
Equilibrio, Postura Humana, Práctica mental, Región del Bío Bío, Chile