Análisis de ciclo de vida simplificado aplicado a viviendas de paneles SIP (structural insulated panels)
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2015-04
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Idioma
es
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Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Departamento de Ingeniería y Gestión de la Construcción
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
A medida que los asuntos ambientales se vuelven más importantes, las construcciones se han enfocado en su eficiencia energética y la energía necesaria para construir y producir los materiales. Esta investigación muestra un estudio de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida simplificado de energía operacional y energía contenida de cuatro viviendas nuevas ubicadas en Temuco, Chile, estructuradas con paneles SIP (Structural insulated panel) para cuantificar la energía en cada etapa de este sistema de construcción. Para obtener la energía contenida, fueron utilizadas dos bases de datos internacionales para cuantificar la energía de cada material y se determinó la energía contenida en el proceso relacionado a la estructura de paneles SIP a través de mediciones en una compañía especializada en construcción de paneles SIP. Para la energía operacional, se llevaron a cabo modelos computacionales con el software Design Builder y se proyectó esta energía con una vida útil de 50 años. El análisis de la información obtenida muestra que la energía contenida por procesos de construcción representa cerca del 1.7% de la energía contenida y mientras que el total de energía contenida representa el 11% de la energía del ciclo de vida total de las viviendas, el remanente 89% representa la energía de operación. Por otro lado, observamos que las viviendas con paneles SIP generan cifras cercanas al 60% en ahorro en demanda energética, comparadas a las viviendas de mampostería estructural normalmente construidas en esta ciudad.
As environmental issues become increasingly important, the buildings have focused on energy efficiency and energy needed for the construction and production of material. This research shows a simplified life cycle analysis study of operational and embodied energy of four new houses located in Temuco - Chile, structured with SIP (Structural insulated panel), in order to quantify the energy at each stage of this construction system. To obtain embodied energy were used two international databases in order to quantify the energy of each material, and the energy contained in the process relating with structure SIP was determined through measures in a company specializing in SIP construction. For the operational energy, computational models were carried out with Design Builder software, and this energy was projected at 50 years lifespan. The analysis of the data obtained show that the energy contained by construction processes represents about 1.7% of embodied energy, while the total embodied energy represents 11% of the total life cycle energy of houses, the remaining 89% represents the energy of occupation. On the other hand, we observe that SIP houses generate figures close to 60% savings in energy demand, compared to a masonry houses commonly built in this city.
As environmental issues become increasingly important, the buildings have focused on energy efficiency and energy needed for the construction and production of material. This research shows a simplified life cycle analysis study of operational and embodied energy of four new houses located in Temuco - Chile, structured with SIP (Structural insulated panel), in order to quantify the energy at each stage of this construction system. To obtain embodied energy were used two international databases in order to quantify the energy of each material, and the energy contained in the process relating with structure SIP was determined through measures in a company specializing in SIP construction. For the operational energy, computational models were carried out with Design Builder software, and this energy was projected at 50 years lifespan. The analysis of the data obtained show that the energy contained by construction processes represents about 1.7% of embodied energy, while the total embodied energy represents 11% of the total life cycle energy of houses, the remaining 89% represents the energy of occupation. On the other hand, we observe that SIP houses generate figures close to 60% savings in energy demand, compared to a masonry houses commonly built in this city.
Notas
Indexación: Web of Science; Scielo.
Palabras clave
Materiales de construcción, Evaluación ambiental, Energía contenida, Energía operacional, Análisis de ciclo de vida
Citación
Rev. ing. constr. vol.30 no.1 Santiago Apr. 2015