Normalización de umbrales audiométricos tonales de alta frecuencia en sujetos normoyentes entre 8 y 23 años, 11 meses pertenecientes a la cuidad de Chillán
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Fecha
2014
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Diversos estudios evidencian que la audiometría de alta frecuencia cumple un
importante rol en la detección temprana de pérdida auditiva; sin embargo, aún no existe
consenso entre los autores sobre la normalización de los umbrales auditivos de alta frecuencia
debido a múltiples diferencias metodológicas y de equipamiento empleado entre las
investigaciones. Objetivo: Normalizar los umbrales audiométricos de alta frecuencia (9-20kHz.)
en sujetos normoyentes entre 8 y 23 años, 11 meses pertenecientes a la ciudad de Chillán.
Diseño: no experimental, de tipo descriptivo y corte transversal. Se evaluaron a 259 sujetos
normoyentes, estudiantes de enseñanza básica, media y universitaria. A todos se les aplicó una
impedanciometría, audiometría convencional y de alta frecuencia, para lo cual se utilizó un
audiómetro Gradson Stadler GSI 61 con fonoauriculares Telephonics TDH-SOP y Sennheiser
HDA 200 respectivamente. Resultados: Se observó que los umbrales auditivos de alta frecuencia
tendieron a incrementar su valor según la edad y la frecuencia. No se encontraron diferencias
significativas según sexo, aunque se observaron diferencias significativas entre oídos para las
frecuencias 9, 10 y 14kHz. Conclusión: Se sugiere que tales datos podrían ser utilizados como
una referencia de normalidad para estudios posteriores con equipamiento similar con el fin
analizar las alteraciones auditivas en población infantil, adolescente y adulto joven.
There are severa! studies showing that high-frequency audiometry fulfills an important role in hearing loss early detection; nonetheless, agreement among authors is yet to be reached -regarding the normalization of high-frequency threshold- due to the multiple methodological and equipment-related differences among research done in the past. Objective: To normalize high-frequency audiometric thresholds (9-20 kHz.) in a sample of normal-hearing subjects, belonging to the ages in between 8 and 23 (11 months) years old. Design: Nonexperimental, descriptive and held in a tmnsversal lapse of time. 259 normal-hearing subjects were evaluated, belonging to elementary, middle and high school levels of education, plus sorne higher education students who joined the sample. All of these students belong to the city of Chillan. All subjects underwent a tympanometry, a typical audiometry and a high-frequency audiometry for which was used a Gradson Stadler GSI 61 audiometer, with Telephonics TDHSOP and Sennheiser HDA 200 headphones. Results: it was observed that high-frequency thresholds tended to increase their figures according to age and frequency requirements. No meaningful differences -regarding maJe or female subjects- were found, although there were noteworthy differences in between ears for 9, 10 and 14Hz frequencies. Conclusion: it is suggested that high-frequency thresholds -according to age factors- could be used as a normalizing reference for further studies -having similar equipment- with the purpose of analyzing any hearing alteration in infants, teens and young adults.
There are severa! studies showing that high-frequency audiometry fulfills an important role in hearing loss early detection; nonetheless, agreement among authors is yet to be reached -regarding the normalization of high-frequency threshold- due to the multiple methodological and equipment-related differences among research done in the past. Objective: To normalize high-frequency audiometric thresholds (9-20 kHz.) in a sample of normal-hearing subjects, belonging to the ages in between 8 and 23 (11 months) years old. Design: Nonexperimental, descriptive and held in a tmnsversal lapse of time. 259 normal-hearing subjects were evaluated, belonging to elementary, middle and high school levels of education, plus sorne higher education students who joined the sample. All of these students belong to the city of Chillan. All subjects underwent a tympanometry, a typical audiometry and a high-frequency audiometry for which was used a Gradson Stadler GSI 61 audiometer, with Telephonics TDHSOP and Sennheiser HDA 200 headphones. Results: it was observed that high-frequency thresholds tended to increase their figures according to age and frequency requirements. No meaningful differences -regarding maJe or female subjects- were found, although there were noteworthy differences in between ears for 9, 10 and 14Hz frequencies. Conclusion: it is suggested that high-frequency thresholds -according to age factors- could be used as a normalizing reference for further studies -having similar equipment- with the purpose of analyzing any hearing alteration in infants, teens and young adults.
Notas
Tesis (Magíster en Audiología)
Palabras clave
Audiometría, Umbral auditivo, Normas, Valores de referencia, Evaluacion estudiantes ciudad de Chillán, Chile