Impacto de la vía no canónica de cortisol sobre la expresión de fndc5 en músculo esquelético de trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
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Fecha
2019
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Facultad/escuela
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
Actualmente, Chile tiene un papel importante en la acuicultura mundial, el 70,1% de esta
actividad corresponde a salmónidos donde trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) se ubica como
el tercer producto más exportado. El rápido crecimiento de esta actividad y los cultivos intensivo
de peces han generado factores de riesgo capaces de producir estrés. Esta condición es una
alteración a la homeostasis del organismo y cortisol surge como la hormona principal en
respuesta a estrés. El cortisol regula diversos procesos fisiológicos en respuesta a estrés por sus
vías de acción canónica y no canónica, y se ha visto que en modelos in vitro de músculo
esquelético de trucha arcoíris regula la expresión de pgc-1α por su vía no genómica o no canónica
de acción. Asimismo, se describió en mamíferos una nueva mioquina denominada irisina, la cual
es generada y liberada al torrente sanguíneo a través de una acción proteolítica sobre el extremo
N-terminal de fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), y es regulada
positivamente por pgc-1α en músculo esquelético. A pesar de la extensa información relacionada
a irisina en mamíferos, los antecedentes con respecto a su rol durante la respuesta a estrés en
teleósteos son limitados. Teniendo esto en consideración, en este trabajo proponemos evaluar la
contribución ambas vías de señalización de cortisol (canónica y no canónica) sobre la expresión
fndc5, el cual codifica para FNDC5, precursor de irisina, y pgc-1α en músculo esquelético de
trucha arcoíris. Para ello, primero verificamos la presencia del transcrito (fndc5) y proteína FNDC5
en diferentes tejidos de trucha arcoíris. Posteriormente, evaluamos por RT-qPCR los niveles de
transcrito de fndc5 en el músculo esquelético de truchas arcoíris sometidas a un ensayo de
administración exógena de cortisol y cortisol-BSA, modulando las vías de acción canónica y no
canónica de cortisol. A pesar de que los resultados obtenidos no son los esperados, ya que no
se logró obtener evidencia concluyente de que vía de acción de cortisol estaría regulando la
expresión de irisina, se logró generar su perfil de expresión. Así abriendo la puerta al estudio de
esta proteína en trucha arcoíris.
Currently, Chile has an important role in world aquaculture, 70.1% of this activity corresponds to salmonids, where rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is the third most exported product. The rapid growth of this activity in Chile due to the intensive fish cultures have generated risk factors capable of producing stress. This condition is an alteration on the homeostasis of the organism, where cortisol is the key hormone in response to stress. Cortisol regulates various physiological processes in response to stress by its canonical and non-canonical pathways, and it has been reported that in an in vitro model in rainbow trout skeletal muscle, regulates the expression of pgc- 1α through its non-genomic or non-canonical action pathway. Likewise, a new myokine named irisin was described in mammals, which is the product of a proteolytic action over the N-terminal fraction of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), and is positively regulated by pgc-1α in skeletal muscle. Despite the extensive information related to irisin in mammals, the antecedents with respect to its role during the response to stress in teleosts are limited. With this in mind, in this work we propose to evaluate the contribution of both cortisol signaling pathways (canonical and non-canonical) on the expression fndc5, which codes for FNDC5, precursor of irisin, and pgc-1α in skeletal muscle of rainbow trout. For this propose, we first verified the presence of the transcript (fndc5) and protein FNDC5 in different rainbow trout tissues. Subsequently, we evaluated by RT-qPCR the levels of fndc5 mRNA in the skeletal muscle of rainbow trout submitted to an exogenous administration of cortisol and cortisol-BSA, modulating the canonical and non-canonical cortisol action pathways. Although the results obtained are not as expected, since conclusive evidence could not be obtained on which cortisol action pathway would be regulating the expression of irisin, it was possible to generate its expression profile. Thus opening the door to the study of this protein in rainbow trout.
Currently, Chile has an important role in world aquaculture, 70.1% of this activity corresponds to salmonids, where rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is the third most exported product. The rapid growth of this activity in Chile due to the intensive fish cultures have generated risk factors capable of producing stress. This condition is an alteration on the homeostasis of the organism, where cortisol is the key hormone in response to stress. Cortisol regulates various physiological processes in response to stress by its canonical and non-canonical pathways, and it has been reported that in an in vitro model in rainbow trout skeletal muscle, regulates the expression of pgc- 1α through its non-genomic or non-canonical action pathway. Likewise, a new myokine named irisin was described in mammals, which is the product of a proteolytic action over the N-terminal fraction of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), and is positively regulated by pgc-1α in skeletal muscle. Despite the extensive information related to irisin in mammals, the antecedents with respect to its role during the response to stress in teleosts are limited. With this in mind, in this work we propose to evaluate the contribution of both cortisol signaling pathways (canonical and non-canonical) on the expression fndc5, which codes for FNDC5, precursor of irisin, and pgc-1α in skeletal muscle of rainbow trout. For this propose, we first verified the presence of the transcript (fndc5) and protein FNDC5 in different rainbow trout tissues. Subsequently, we evaluated by RT-qPCR the levels of fndc5 mRNA in the skeletal muscle of rainbow trout submitted to an exogenous administration of cortisol and cortisol-BSA, modulating the canonical and non-canonical cortisol action pathways. Although the results obtained are not as expected, since conclusive evidence could not be obtained on which cortisol action pathway would be regulating the expression of irisin, it was possible to generate its expression profile. Thus opening the door to the study of this protein in rainbow trout.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero en Biotecnología)
proyecto FONDAP INCAR 15110027 y FONDECYT 1171318
proyecto FONDAP INCAR 15110027 y FONDECYT 1171318
Palabras clave
Estrés en Peces, Trucha Arco Iris, Investigaciones