Impacto en salud bucal de niños de San Joaquín atendidos por alumnos UNAB. Estudio a cinco años
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Fecha
2013
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La causa principal de pérdida de piezas dentarias es la caries.
En Chile, la prevalencia de Caries a los 6 y 12 años es de 70,3% y 62,5%
respectivamente, comenzando a edades tempranas y siendo fácilmente evitable con
medidas como instrucción de higiene, alimentación y conductas, razón por la cual es de
suma importancia intervenir en estas edades.
En este estudio se comparó el estado de salud bucal en el tiempo, de alumnos que
reciben atención odontológica sistemática en su establecimiento educacional, siendo
éste el Liceo Espíritu Santo, de la comuna de San Joaquín.
También se realizó la comparación de la salud oral de éstos con estudiantes de otra
institución, Liceo Horacio Aravena Andaur, de la misma comuna, pero carente de
atención dental.
Se escogieron liceos de la misma comuna, alumnos del mismo rango de edad y
condición socioeconómica.
Se observó que existen diferencias significativas entre ambos establecimientos siendo
el liceo que recibe atención, el más favorecido, pues sus alumnos presentan niveles de
salud oral con importantes diferencias respecto al liceo control.
Al analizar a los estudiantes del colegio que cuenta con el servicio de odontología, se
puede apreciar que en su gran mayoría se encuentran libres de enfermedad,
presentando piezas obturadas, que en el pasado, previo a la existencia del servicio
dental, eran piezas con caries. Podemos concluir entonces, que la atención sistemática favorece a quienes la reciben
pues aquellos que solo reciben atención ofrecida por el estado poseen un nivel de salud
oral muy inferior comparado con alumnos atendidos en su establecimiento.
Es importante mencionar que el factor prevención es un componente fundamental para
evitar el desarrollo de caries y enfermedad periodontal, causas principales de pérdida
de piezas y es necesario reforzar este componente en el Liceo Espíritu Santo, pues el
enfoque ha sido curativo, debiendo existir un predominio en el ámbito preventivo.
The main cause of tooth loss is Caries. In Chile, the prevalence of caries at 6 and 12 years is 70.3 % and 62.5%, respectively, starting at an early age and being easily avoided through measures such as health education, nutrition, and behavior, because is an essential part of these ages. This study compared the oral health status over time of pupils receiving systematic dental care in their educational establishment, which is the Liceo Espíritu Santo, in the town of San Joaquín. The comparison was also conducted oral health of these students from another institution, the Liceo Horacio Aravena Andaur, in the same commune, but lacking dental care. Schools were chosen from the same district, students of the same age range and socioeconomic status. We observed significant differences between the two establishments being the high school that receives attention, the most favored because their students present oral health levels with significant differences from the school control. When analyzing college students that features the dental service, one can see that the vast majority are free of disease, presenting in the actuality sealed tooth the past, prior to the existence of dental services were teeth with caries. Therefore, we conclude that systematic attentíon to those who receive favors for those who only receive care provided by the state have an oral health level much lower compared to students served in their establishment. lt is noteworthy that the prevention factor is a critical component to avoid the development of caries and periodontal disease, causes of loss of teeth and need to strengthen this component in the school studied.
The main cause of tooth loss is Caries. In Chile, the prevalence of caries at 6 and 12 years is 70.3 % and 62.5%, respectively, starting at an early age and being easily avoided through measures such as health education, nutrition, and behavior, because is an essential part of these ages. This study compared the oral health status over time of pupils receiving systematic dental care in their educational establishment, which is the Liceo Espíritu Santo, in the town of San Joaquín. The comparison was also conducted oral health of these students from another institution, the Liceo Horacio Aravena Andaur, in the same commune, but lacking dental care. Schools were chosen from the same district, students of the same age range and socioeconomic status. We observed significant differences between the two establishments being the high school that receives attention, the most favored because their students present oral health levels with significant differences from the school control. When analyzing college students that features the dental service, one can see that the vast majority are free of disease, presenting in the actuality sealed tooth the past, prior to the existence of dental services were teeth with caries. Therefore, we conclude that systematic attentíon to those who receive favors for those who only receive care provided by the state have an oral health level much lower compared to students served in their establishment. lt is noteworthy that the prevention factor is a critical component to avoid the development of caries and periodontal disease, causes of loss of teeth and need to strengthen this component in the school studied.
Notas
Tesis (Cirujano Dentista, Especialización en Salud Pública)
Palabras clave
Salud Bucal, Niños, Chile, Región Metropolitana, Comuna de San Joaquín, Prevalencia de Enfermedades Dentales