Efectos maternos en respuesta a la sequía sobre rasgos funcionales y desempeño biológico en Mesembryanthemum crystallinum
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Archivos
Fecha
2023
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Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Para invadir ambientes estresantes, como lo son los sistemas áridos, las plantas
invasoras deben desarrollar mecanismos adaptativos. Los efectos maternos
pueden estar facilitando la adaptación de plantas invasoras, permitiendo la
expresión de rasgos funcionales y mejorando el desempeño de la progenie bajo
condiciones de sequía. En la zona norte de Chile la especie Mesembryanthemum
crystallinum tiene como mecanismo adaptativo, bajo estrés hídrico, la transición
de fotosíntesis C3 a metabolismo del ácido de las crasuláceas (CAM) y expresión
de otros rasgos funcionales claves asociados a una respuesta adaptativa a la
sequía: un aumento en el grosor de la hoja, mayor concentración de flavonoides
y antocianinas, menor concentración de clorofilas, menor área foliar y área foliar
especifica y mayor contenido de agua en las hojas. Para evaluar si los efectos
maternos tienen efectos significativos sobre la expresión de rasgos funcionales y
desempeño biológico (altura vegetativa, diámetro de la planta) en M. crystallinum,
se trabajó con la progenie de plantas previamente expuestas a tratamientos de
sequía (control y sequía) provenientes de distintas localidades del norte de Chile,
y se las sometió a los mismos tratamientos de sequía. Se encontró efectos
maternos significativos sobre la concentración de clorofila y antocianinas,
evidenciando una mayor concentración de clorofila y una menor concentración
de antocianinas en progenie provenientes de plantas madres sometidas a sequía,
independiente del tratamiento al que estuvo expuesta la progenie. Sin embargo,
no hubo efectos maternos significativos de los tratamientos sobre el desempeño
biológico. La expresión de fotosíntesis CAM, grosor de la hoja, área foliar, área
foliar específica y el contenido de flavonoides se encontraron asociados con el
desempeño de la progenie bajo condiciones de sequía, pero no hay una mayor
expresión de los rasgos asociados en respuesta a la sequía.
To invade stressful environments, such as arid ecosystems, invasive plants must develop adaptive mechanisms. Maternal effects could be facilitating the adaptation of invasive plants, allowing the expression of key functional traits and improving offspring performance under drought conditions. In the northern region of Chile, the species Mesembryanthemum crystallinum has developed an adaptive mechanism under water stress, transitioning from C3 photosynthesis to Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) and expressing other key functional traits associated with an adaptive drought response: increased leaf thickness, higher concentration of flavonoids and anthocyanins, lower chlorophyll concentration, reduced leaf area and specific leaf area, and higher leaf water content. To assess whether maternal effects significantly influence the expression of functional traits and biological performance (vegetative height, plant diameter) in M. crystallinum, offspring from plants previously exposed to drought treatments (control and drought) from different locations in northern Chile were studied, and they were subjected to the same drought treatments. Maternal effects were found to have significant impacts on chlorophyll and anthocyanin concentrations, with higher chlorophyll concentration and lower anthocyanin concentration in progeny from plants that experienced drought stress, regardless of the treatment the offspring were exposed to. However, there were no significant maternal effects of the treatments on biological performance. The expression of CAM photosynthesis, leaf thickness, leaf area, specific leaf area, and flavonoid content were found to be associated with offspring performance under drought conditions, but there wasn't an enhanced expression of these traits in response to drought.
To invade stressful environments, such as arid ecosystems, invasive plants must develop adaptive mechanisms. Maternal effects could be facilitating the adaptation of invasive plants, allowing the expression of key functional traits and improving offspring performance under drought conditions. In the northern region of Chile, the species Mesembryanthemum crystallinum has developed an adaptive mechanism under water stress, transitioning from C3 photosynthesis to Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) and expressing other key functional traits associated with an adaptive drought response: increased leaf thickness, higher concentration of flavonoids and anthocyanins, lower chlorophyll concentration, reduced leaf area and specific leaf area, and higher leaf water content. To assess whether maternal effects significantly influence the expression of functional traits and biological performance (vegetative height, plant diameter) in M. crystallinum, offspring from plants previously exposed to drought treatments (control and drought) from different locations in northern Chile were studied, and they were subjected to the same drought treatments. Maternal effects were found to have significant impacts on chlorophyll and anthocyanin concentrations, with higher chlorophyll concentration and lower anthocyanin concentration in progeny from plants that experienced drought stress, regardless of the treatment the offspring were exposed to. However, there were no significant maternal effects of the treatments on biological performance. The expression of CAM photosynthesis, leaf thickness, leaf area, specific leaf area, and flavonoid content were found to be associated with offspring performance under drought conditions, but there wasn't an enhanced expression of these traits in response to drought.
Notas
Tesis (Licenciado en Biología)
Palabras clave
Mesembryanthemum Crystallinum, Investigaciones, Sequías