Gestión del cuidado: comprensión de los significados del rol social y autonomía profesional de la enfermería en Chile
Cargando...
Archivos
Fecha
2014
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La enfermería en Chile ha evolucionado de acuerdo a los cambios históricos,
sociales y políticos que han influido en el ámbito de la salud. Es así como,
enfermería se incorporó al Código Sanitario en 1997, mediante la Ley 19.536,
reconociéndose legalmente la función y autonomía de la enfermera. A su vez, el
Reglamento Orgánico de los Servicios de Salud del año 2004, proporcionó la
oportunidad de legitimación de la profesión en la estructura de las instituciones de
salud y la Norma Técnica Administrativa No 19, legitimó a la enfermera como la
responsable de la gestión del cuidado. Este escenario, motivó el interés por
comprender cómo las enfermeras han hecho suyos aquellos actos de cuidado de
carácter exclusivo y relacionar el correlato entre marco jurídico y práctica de
enfermería. La investigación se realizo con enfoque cualitativo desde la perspectiva
sociocrítica contemporánea, y la propuesta emancipatoria de Chinn y Kramer, para
enfermería. La metodología fue sustentada en la crítica y la transformación de las
estructuras sociales, políticas y culturales; y la generación, acumulación de
conocimiento, que surge y modifica en un proceso dialéctico. El método se diseñó
desde el interpretativismo y la hermenéutica crítica. El cambio social se ha producido
desde la legalidad, que ha permitido el reconocimiento de la función y estructura de
enfermería, sin embargo, el cambio desde la cultura no se ha logrado, no ha
cambiado el espacio simbólico de la profesión para las propias enfermeras. En el
ideario cultural de la enfermera permanecen los significados y creencias arraigados
en la tradición del modelo biomédico. La cultura hegemónica que ha marcado a la
profesión por tanto tiempo, con los cambios acontecidos en la función y la estructura
de enfermería, ha entrado en tensión con esta cultura alterna desde donde comienza
a emerger la enfermera como sujeto político.
Nursing in Chile has evolved through out the year with the historical political and social changes that have impacted the field of health. Thus nursing was included in the Sanitary Code in 1997, Law 19,536 legally recognizing the role and autonomy of the nurse. In turn, the Organic Ruling of Health services, 2004 that legitimated the profession within the health system institutions structure and the Technical Administrative Norm No 19, legitimized the nurse as responsible for the care management. This scenario motivated to understand how nurses have embraced those acts of care, exclusively within their scope of duties, and relate the correlation between the legal framework and nursing practice. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach from a contemporary socio-critica! perspective and Chinn and Kramer's nursing emancipatory proposal. The methodology was supported by the critic; and the transformation of the social, political and cultural structure; knowledge generation and accumulation that emerged from a dialectic process. The method was designed from the interpretivism and critica! hermeneutics. Social change has occurred from the law, which allowed the recognition of the role and the structure of nursing, however, the cultural changed has not been achieved; it has not changed the symbolic space of the nursing profession to the nurses themselves. In the nurse cultural ideology the nurse meaning and beliefs remain rooted in the tradition of the biomedical model. The hegemonic culture that has defined the profession for so long, with the changes occurring in the function and structure of nursing that has created tension with the alternative culture where the nurse starts to emerge as political subject.
Nursing in Chile has evolved through out the year with the historical political and social changes that have impacted the field of health. Thus nursing was included in the Sanitary Code in 1997, Law 19,536 legally recognizing the role and autonomy of the nurse. In turn, the Organic Ruling of Health services, 2004 that legitimated the profession within the health system institutions structure and the Technical Administrative Norm No 19, legitimized the nurse as responsible for the care management. This scenario motivated to understand how nurses have embraced those acts of care, exclusively within their scope of duties, and relate the correlation between the legal framework and nursing practice. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach from a contemporary socio-critica! perspective and Chinn and Kramer's nursing emancipatory proposal. The methodology was supported by the critic; and the transformation of the social, political and cultural structure; knowledge generation and accumulation that emerged from a dialectic process. The method was designed from the interpretivism and critica! hermeneutics. Social change has occurred from the law, which allowed the recognition of the role and the structure of nursing, however, the cultural changed has not been achieved; it has not changed the symbolic space of the nursing profession to the nurses themselves. In the nurse cultural ideology the nurse meaning and beliefs remain rooted in the tradition of the biomedical model. The hegemonic culture that has defined the profession for so long, with the changes occurring in the function and structure of nursing that has created tension with the alternative culture where the nurse starts to emerge as political subject.
Notas
Tesis (Doctor en Enfermería)
Palabras clave
Rol de la Enfermera, Autonomía Profesional, Cuidado de Enfermería, Gestión del Cuidado