CaracterizaciĆ³n de una celobiohidrolasa en Botrytis cinerea
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Archivos
Fecha
2016
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Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad AndrƩs Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En los Ćŗltimos aƱos, la industria hortofiutĆcola chilena ha tenido un aumento significativo en los
volĆŗmenes de producciĆ³n y exportaciĆ³n, presentĆ”ndose como un mercado sumamente rentable a
nivel internacional. El incremento en los niveles de exportaciĆ³n radica en la mejora de la calidad
en general de los productos.
Existen diversos patĆ³genos fĆŗngicos, bacterianos y virales que constituyen una amenaza para la
productividad y calidad de la fruta. Entre los patĆ³genos mĆ”s agresivos se encuentra el hongo
Botrytis cinerea, que causa la enfermedad llamada "pudriciĆ³n gris", la cual estĆ” situada como uno
de los mayores problemas fitosanitarios en los cultivos de nuestro paĆs. Tradicionalmente, el
control se ha basado en el uso de fungicidas de origen quĆmico. Sin embargo, se ha descrito que
Ć©stos presentan impactos negativos para el medioambiente y su uso reiterado da origen a la
apariciĆ³n de cepas resistentes.
A pesar de que las etapas del ciclo infectivo estƔn bien identificadas, se desconocen los
mecanismos moleculares blancos y/o regulatorios que comandan la etapa de germinaciĆ³n. Es por
esto, que la aproximaciĆ³n de identificar y caracterizar aquellos genes involucrados en virulencia,
especĆficamente en las etapas tempranos de la infecciĆ³n, son claves para impedir el Ć©xito de la
infecciĆ³n.
En estudios previos realizados en nuestro laboratorio, mediante anĆ”lisis de expresiĆ³n gĆ©nica en
etapas tempranas de infecciĆ³n, entre los genes sobre-expresados en germinaciĆ³n se identificĆ³ a
una putativa celobiohidrolasa denominada Bcch1, enzima perteneciente al grupo de CAZymes, lo
cual sugiere un posible rol importante en la salida de dormancia de la espora durante la
germinaciĆ³n. En base a lo anterior, se hace relevante estudiar la funciĆ³n de este gen en la
virulencia y/o patogenicidad de Botrytis. Por lo tanto, en este estudio de identificĆ³, aislĆ³,
caracterizĆ³ y se realizaron estudios funcionales del gen Bcchl, que codifica para una
celobiohidrolasa.
In the last years, the Chilean farming industry it has had a significant increase in the volumes of production and export, being to international level an extremely profitable market. The increase in the levels of export is based on the improvement of the quality in general of the products. Exist diverse pathogens, fungal, bacterial and viral, they constitute a danger for the productivity and quality of the fruit. Between the pathogens most aggressive we found Botrytis cinerea fungus, also known as "gray mold fungus", Which is placed as one of the major phytosanitary problems in the cultures of our country. Traditionally, the control has been based on the use of fungicides of chemical type. Nevertheless, there has been described that these present negative impacts for the environment and his repeated use gives origin to the appearance of resistant strains. Despite of that the stages of the infective cycle are well identified, the molecular and regulatory mechanisms target that command the germination stage are not known yet. For this reason, that the approximation of identify and characterize those genes involved in virulence, is a key factor to prevent the success of the infection. In previous studies realized in our laboratory, by means of analysis of gene expression of early stages of infection, in the overexpression of genes in the germination it was identified a putative cellobiohydrolase called Bcchl, Enzyme belonging to the group of CAZymes, which suggest a possible important role in participation of the out dormancy of the spore during the germination. Based on the previous mentioned, it make relevant study the function of this gene in the virulence of Botrytis cinerea. Therefore, in this study will be identified, isolated, characterized and will realize functional assays of the Bcchl gene, which codifies for to cellobiohydrolase.
In the last years, the Chilean farming industry it has had a significant increase in the volumes of production and export, being to international level an extremely profitable market. The increase in the levels of export is based on the improvement of the quality in general of the products. Exist diverse pathogens, fungal, bacterial and viral, they constitute a danger for the productivity and quality of the fruit. Between the pathogens most aggressive we found Botrytis cinerea fungus, also known as "gray mold fungus", Which is placed as one of the major phytosanitary problems in the cultures of our country. Traditionally, the control has been based on the use of fungicides of chemical type. Nevertheless, there has been described that these present negative impacts for the environment and his repeated use gives origin to the appearance of resistant strains. Despite of that the stages of the infective cycle are well identified, the molecular and regulatory mechanisms target that command the germination stage are not known yet. For this reason, that the approximation of identify and characterize those genes involved in virulence, is a key factor to prevent the success of the infection. In previous studies realized in our laboratory, by means of analysis of gene expression of early stages of infection, in the overexpression of genes in the germination it was identified a putative cellobiohydrolase called Bcchl, Enzyme belonging to the group of CAZymes, which suggest a possible important role in participation of the out dormancy of the spore during the germination. Based on the previous mentioned, it make relevant study the function of this gene in the virulence of Botrytis cinerea. Therefore, in this study will be identified, isolated, characterized and will realize functional assays of the Bcchl gene, which codifies for to cellobiohydrolase.
Notas
Proyecto de Tesis (MagĆster en BiotecnologĆa)
Palabras clave
Botrytis Cinerea, Hongos