Determinación de la adherencia a iloprost en pacientes con hipertensión arterial pulmonar grupo 1 del Instituto Nacional del Tórax
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Fecha
2023
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Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Antecedentes: La hipertensión pulmonar (HTP) es un trastorno fisiopatológico
que se caracteriza por presentar una presión arterial pulmonar media mayor a
20 mmHg en reposo. Existen diversos tipos de HTP, una de ellas es la
hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HAP).
El iloprost es un fármaco utilizado por pacientes con HAP, se caracteriza por sus
frecuentes administraciones cada 2 a 4 horas en un día. Esta cualidad es uno de
los factores descritos que interfieren en la adherencia al tratamiento
farmacológico.
El Instituto Nacional del Tórax (INT) atiende gran parte de la población chilena
con HAP, 40 pacientes se encontraban en tratamiento con iloprost. En el recinto
no hay antecedentes sobre la adherencia a iloprost por parte de sus pacientes,
por lo que surgió la necesidad de evaluarla.
Objetivos: Evaluar la adherencia a iloprost en los pacientes con hipertensión
arterial pulmonar grupo 1 del Instituto Nacional del Tórax. Determinar la
adherencia al tratamiento, analizar los parámetros de seguimiento y comparar la
adherencia a iloprost entre subgrupos.
Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo y transversal en
27 pacientes con HAP grupo 1 del INT. La adherencia a iloprost se evaluó
mediante la revisión de fichas clínicas y una entrevista donde se aplicó un
cuestionario para caracterizar a los pacientes y la escala de adherencia a la
medicación Morisky (MMAS-8) modificada. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva; las
variables cuantitativas se describieron mediante promedio y desviación estándar
y las variables cualitativas se describieron como número y porcentaje.
Resultados: Se detectó que un 59,3% de los pacientes tiene baja adherencia al
tratamiento con iloprost. No se encontró relación significativa entre nivel de
adherencia y los parámetros de seguimiento, así como con determinadas
variables clínicas y sociodemográficas.
Conclusiones: Se observó una baja adherencia al tratamiento, pero se requiere
de más estudios para determinar la adherencia a iloprost y poder establecer si
existe una relación con los parámetros de seguimiento.
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder characterized by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 20 mmHg at rest. There are several types of PH, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Iloprost is a drug used by PAH patients, characterized by frequent administrations every 2 to 4 hours a day. This is one factor that interferes with adherence to pharmacological treatment. The Instituto Nacional del Tórax (INT) treats a large part of the Chilean population with PAH, 40 patients were being treated with iloprost. The hospital was unaware of their patient's adherence to iloprost, so they needed to know it. Objectives: To evaluate adherence to iloprost in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension group 1 at the Instituto Nacional del Tórax. To determine treatment adherence, analyze follow-up parameters and compare iloprost adherence between subgroups. Methodology: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study in 27 patients with PAH group 1 of the INT that evaluated adherence to iloprost through the review of medical files and an interview where a questionnaire to characterize patients and the modified Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8) were used. Descriptive statistics were used. Quantitative variables were described as mean and standard deviation and qualitative variables were described as number and percentage. Results: It was detected that 59.3% of patients had low adherence to treatment iloprost, and no significant relationship was found between adherence level and follow-up parameters, as well as with certain clinical and sociodemographic variables. Conclusions: Low adherence to treatment was observed, but more studies are required to determine adherence to iloprost and to establish whether there is a relationship with follow-up parameters.
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder characterized by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 20 mmHg at rest. There are several types of PH, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Iloprost is a drug used by PAH patients, characterized by frequent administrations every 2 to 4 hours a day. This is one factor that interferes with adherence to pharmacological treatment. The Instituto Nacional del Tórax (INT) treats a large part of the Chilean population with PAH, 40 patients were being treated with iloprost. The hospital was unaware of their patient's adherence to iloprost, so they needed to know it. Objectives: To evaluate adherence to iloprost in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension group 1 at the Instituto Nacional del Tórax. To determine treatment adherence, analyze follow-up parameters and compare iloprost adherence between subgroups. Methodology: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study in 27 patients with PAH group 1 of the INT that evaluated adherence to iloprost through the review of medical files and an interview where a questionnaire to characterize patients and the modified Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8) were used. Descriptive statistics were used. Quantitative variables were described as mean and standard deviation and qualitative variables were described as number and percentage. Results: It was detected that 59.3% of patients had low adherence to treatment iloprost, and no significant relationship was found between adherence level and follow-up parameters, as well as with certain clinical and sociodemographic variables. Conclusions: Low adherence to treatment was observed, but more studies are required to determine adherence to iloprost and to establish whether there is a relationship with follow-up parameters.
Notas
Seminario (Química Farmacéutica)
Palabras clave
Adherencia Terapéutica, Hipertensión Pulmonar, Tratamiento, Medicamentos