Análisis estadístico de los niveles freáticos resultantes de la recarga artificial en la cuenca del río Aconcagua
Cargando...
Archivos
Fecha
2020
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La actual demanda hídrica y la baja notoria de precipitaciones en la cuenca del río Aconcagua, ha generado una
disminución importante en los niveles subterráneos de agua. Es por esto, que estrategias, tales como la recarga
artificial de acuíferos, ha sido una herramienta indispensable, a nivel global para resolver esta problemática.
La finalidad de este estudio radica en analizar, estadísticamente, los niveles freáticos resultantes, provocados por
la inyección profunda de agua en acuíferos en la cuenca del río Aconcagua, específicamente en la zona de San
Felipe para un período de 50 años.
Para esto, en primer lugar, se recopilaron antecedentes bibliográficos de estudios previos realizados en la cuenca.
Los más destacados fueron modelos computacionales de la zona, lugares aptos para recargar artificialmente,
técnicas de recarga artificial viables en Chile y caudales probables para realizar inyecciones profundas.
En segundo lugar, se analizaron los resultados del escenario Nº3 del estudio de la consultora WSP (2019) de
niveles freáticos de 19 pozos de observación ubicados en las cercanías de la zona de inyección. Dichos niveles,
fueron procesados estadísticamente con el fin de estimar, en el tiempo, su nivel freático asociado para diversas
probabilidades de excedencias mediante curvas de variación estacional, curvas de duración general y curvas de
evolución de niveles medios mensuales. Estas curvas pueden ser una herramienta de ayuda a la toma de
decisiones de los diversos usuarios del agua de la zona.
Por último, cabe destacar que los resultados obtenidos, son favorables, ya que existe un notorio aumento del nivel
freático, posterior a la recarga, en la zona de inyección, pero disminuye en zonas aledañas producto de la alta
trasmisibilidad del sector.
The current water demands and the drop in rainfall in the Aconcagua river basin has caused a significant decrease in the underground water level. For this reason, strategies such as the artificial recharge of aquifers have been an indispensable tool, at a global level, to solve this problem. The purpose of this study is to statistically analyze the resulting groundwater levels caused by the deep injection of water into aquifers in the Aconcagua river basin, specifically in the San Felipe area for 50 years. For that purpose, a bibliographic background of previous studies in the water basin was compiled. The most outstanding were computer models, suitable places for artificial recharging, viable artificial recharging techniques in Chile, and probable flows for making deep injections. Secondly, the results of scenario No. 3 of the WSP consulting firm's study (2019) of the water table levels of 19 observation wells located in the vicinity of the injection area were analyzed. These levels were statistically processed to estimate, over time, their associated phreatic level for various probabilities of excess using seasonal variation curves, general duration curves, and monthly average level evolution curves. These curves can be a tool to help the decision-making process of the different water users in the area. Finally, it should be noted that the results obtained are favorable since there is a significant increase in the water table, after the recharge, in the injection area, but decreases in the surrounding areas due to the high transmissibility of the sector
The current water demands and the drop in rainfall in the Aconcagua river basin has caused a significant decrease in the underground water level. For this reason, strategies such as the artificial recharge of aquifers have been an indispensable tool, at a global level, to solve this problem. The purpose of this study is to statistically analyze the resulting groundwater levels caused by the deep injection of water into aquifers in the Aconcagua river basin, specifically in the San Felipe area for 50 years. For that purpose, a bibliographic background of previous studies in the water basin was compiled. The most outstanding were computer models, suitable places for artificial recharging, viable artificial recharging techniques in Chile, and probable flows for making deep injections. Secondly, the results of scenario No. 3 of the WSP consulting firm's study (2019) of the water table levels of 19 observation wells located in the vicinity of the injection area were analyzed. These levels were statistically processed to estimate, over time, their associated phreatic level for various probabilities of excess using seasonal variation curves, general duration curves, and monthly average level evolution curves. These curves can be a tool to help the decision-making process of the different water users in the area. Finally, it should be noted that the results obtained are favorable since there is a significant increase in the water table, after the recharge, in the injection area, but decreases in the surrounding areas due to the high transmissibility of the sector
Notas
Memoria de pregrado (Ingeniero Civil)
Palabras clave
Recarga Artificial de Aguas Subterráneas, Métodos Estadísticos, Acuíferos, Chile, San Felipe