Oferta de "ecoturismo" en Chile : análisis de coherencia entre la práctica real de la actividad y lo que se ofrece en la Región Metropolitana
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2007
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
La oferta de ''Ecoturismo" en Chile, no es regulada, lo cual se podría traducir en un impacto negativo para la imagen que se proyecta del desarrollo de la actividad, para la conservación de la biodiversidad y para la población local. Observando esta problemática se investigó un segmento de la oferta, específicamente aquellas agencias de viajes que ofrecen "Ecoturismo'' para evaluar la coherencia entre lo que se ofrece y lo que se espera del ecoturismo en realidad.
Para identificar las agencias que utilizan el término "Ecoturismo", se buscó a través de Internet lo cual condujo a la página Web de SERNATUR. Se indagó la oferta que se realiza a través de esta página y se seleccionó como universo a investigar a las 72 agencias de la Región Metropolitana, por ser ésta la que concentra la mayor cantidad de dichas agencias. Se clasificó y corroboró su oferta mediante contactos telefónicos, e-mail y visitas, identificando 19 que confirman realizar la actividad.
Para la evaluación de las 19 agencias, se definieron 7 indicadores con los cuales se elaboró una encuesta con el fin de medir la coherencia entre lo que ofrecen y hacen. La información recogida condujo a la siguiente clasificación: agencias que ofrecen ecoturismo objetivamente en un sentido estricto, las que se aproximan al concepto y aquellas que se encuentran alejadas.
Se constató que, de las 72 agencias estudiadas, sólo 4 practican Ecoturismo, por la coherencia existente entre los indicadores preestablecidos y la práctica real de dichas agencias. De esta manera, se constata que, si bien el Ecoturismo en Chile se está desarrollando, existe un 94,4% de agencias que utilizan mal este término en la Región Metropolitana, ya que no cumplen con las acciones y características básicas que definen esta actividad, desprestigiando así su verdadero sentido. El Ecoturismo se ve perjudicado por la falta de coherencia de algunas agencias, las cuales ofrecen un servicio que no responde a la definición del término, produciendo en el turista una desilusión y/o una imagen errónea del significado de esta actividad.
The ecotourism offer in Chile is not regulated, what could result in damages for the biodiversity, local people and also the image ofthis activity. Observing this problem, a segment of the offer was investigated; specifically those travel agencies who sell ecotourism activities as a part of their duties In order to identify the agencies that use the "ecotourism" term, the sampling universe was defined, searching through intemet especially in the SERNATUR web site. The first results showed that the offer is concentrated in the Region Metropolitana founding 72 travel agencies offering "ecotourism". The offer was classified and corroborated by telephone contacts, e-mails and visits in order to identify 19 agencies which confirmed realize this activity. In order to evaluate the offer of the 19 agencies, 7 ecotourism guidelines were created and a survey was elaborated and applied individually during visits to each agency. Agencies were sorted according to the following classification: agencies that offer ecotourism as an strict objective way, agencies that make an approach to the concept and agencies away from current ecotourism practices. There are 4 of the 72 studied agencies that do ecotourism. Comparing the coherence between the present guidelines and the actual practices of these agencies, the conclusions were that however ecotourism in Chile is in development, tourists that log on the regulating organism for tourism website, there is a 94.4% probability to not reach a formal practice related to the kind of tourism looked up. Jt was concluded that the agencies are not coherent with what is defined as ecotourism. And the majority of agencies do not comply with basic actions that define the activity, what harms its real concept
The ecotourism offer in Chile is not regulated, what could result in damages for the biodiversity, local people and also the image ofthis activity. Observing this problem, a segment of the offer was investigated; specifically those travel agencies who sell ecotourism activities as a part of their duties In order to identify the agencies that use the "ecotourism" term, the sampling universe was defined, searching through intemet especially in the SERNATUR web site. The first results showed that the offer is concentrated in the Region Metropolitana founding 72 travel agencies offering "ecotourism". The offer was classified and corroborated by telephone contacts, e-mails and visits in order to identify 19 agencies which confirmed realize this activity. In order to evaluate the offer of the 19 agencies, 7 ecotourism guidelines were created and a survey was elaborated and applied individually during visits to each agency. Agencies were sorted according to the following classification: agencies that offer ecotourism as an strict objective way, agencies that make an approach to the concept and agencies away from current ecotourism practices. There are 4 of the 72 studied agencies that do ecotourism. Comparing the coherence between the present guidelines and the actual practices of these agencies, the conclusions were that however ecotourism in Chile is in development, tourists that log on the regulating organism for tourism website, there is a 94.4% probability to not reach a formal practice related to the kind of tourism looked up. Jt was concluded that the agencies are not coherent with what is defined as ecotourism. And the majority of agencies do not comply with basic actions that define the activity, what harms its real concept
Notas
Tesis (Administrador en Ecoturismo)
Palabras clave
Ecoturismo, Chile, Agencias de Viajes