Adulto mayor, calidad de vida y políticas públicas; en la urbanidad y ruralidad de la Región Metropolitana
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2017
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
El siguiente trabajo se aboca a una interpretación y comprensión sobre la articulación que existe entre las políticas públicas, y como éstas impactan en la calidad de vida del adulto mayor desde sus propias percepciones subjetivas, entendiéndolo desde una mirada tanto cualitativa como socio-crítica.
Se comienza primeramente con una comprensión del fenómeno en relación a como se manifiesta en la actualidad, la importancia del incremento de la población mayor y todos los desafíos que dicha situación acarrea tanto para la sociedad como para el Estado.
Se consideran aspectos relevantes al adulto mayor como una situación dentro de un contexto doblemente vulnerador, aspectos territoriales, y la profundización sobre el concepto de calidad de vida como tal y como éste se vincula con el adulto mayor, que supone esto para él dentro de su vida.
Se continúa con el desarrollo de un marco teórico que se divide en dos apartados. El primero consiste en un marco referencial que reúna y enfatiza sobre aspectos relevantes para la calidad de vida del adulto mayor como SENAMA, Política de Salud y Previsión.
En segundo lugar, se hace un marco conceptual, en el que se abarcan conceptos bajo los cuales gira el sentido de la investigación desde la mirada teórica, dichos conceptos corresponden a calidad de vida, vida cotidiana, participación y política pública.
Luego, se prosigue con el desarrollo del marco metodológico, el cual se centra en los procesos y lineamientos que guían el proceso de investigación, trabajo de campo y respectivos análisis. En este apartado se presenta la metodología y enfoque que usa la investigación, el cual corresponde al cualitativo en complementariedad con el socio-crítica. Se enuncian técnicas de producción de información como las notas de campo, entrevistas en profundidad y asambleas socio-analíticas que juntas forman el trabajo de producción de material tanto cualitativo como socio-crítico.
Se procede entonces posteriormente a los análisis de datos que consisten en una descripción e interpretación cualitativa de los datos producidos en el trabajo de campo en participación con los sujetos. Dicho trabajo se divide en dos partes, el apartado cualitativo que hace uso de la codificación axial para la generación de grafo analíticos para su posterior triangulación teórica. En segunda instancia, se desarrolla la triangulación teórica entre los relatos de la asamblea socio-analítica y el marco de antecedentes, considerando al investigador como la herramienta que
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cumple la función de articular el material producido y el que se usó en el marco de antecedentes, tanto en la triangulación cualitativo como la socio-crítica.
Por último, se llevan a cabo conclusiones en base a la presentación de resultados y hallazgos encontrado en la investigación referente tanto al material cualitativo como socio-crítico, para luego culminar con las propuestas de la investigación que utilizan los enfoques y miradas desde el trabajo social y sus posibles aportes a la problemática.
The following work focuses on an interpretation and understanding of the articulation between public policies and how they impact on the quality of life of the older adult from their own subjective perceptions, understanding it from a qualitative as well as socio-critical perspective. It begins first with an understanding of the phenomenon in relation to how it is manifested today, the importance of the increase of the population greater and all the challenges that this situation entails for both society and the State. Relevant aspects of the older adult are considered as a situation within a doubly vulnerable context, territorial aspects, and the deepening on the concept of quality of life as such and as it is linked to the older adult, which supposes this for him within his lifetime. It continues the development of a theoretical framework that is divided into two sections. The first consists of a referential framework that gathers and emphasizes aspects relevant to the quality of life of older adults such as SENAMA, Health and Welfare Policy. Second, there is a conceptual framework, which encompasses concepts under which the meaning of research revolves from the theoretical perspective, these concepts correspond to quality of life, daily life, participation and public policy. Then, the methodological framework is developed, which focuses on the processes and guidelines that guide the research process, fieldwork and respective analyzes. This section presents the methodology and approach used by the research, which corresponds to the qualitative in complementarity with the socio-criticism. Information production techniques such as field notes, in-depth interviews and socio-analytical assemblies that together form the work of producing both qualitative and socio-critical material are presented. We then proceed to data analyzes consisting of a description and qualitative interpretation of the data produced in the field work in participation with the subjects. This work is divided in two parts, the qualitative section that makes use of 7 the axial codification for the generation of analytical graph for its later theoretical triangulation. In the second instance, the theoretical triangulation between the stories of the socio-analytical assembly and the background frame is developed, considering the researcher as the tool that fulfills the function of articulating the material produced and that used in the background, Both in qualitative and socio-critical triangulation. Finally, conclusions are drawn based on the presentation of results and findings found in the research concerning both qualitative and socio-critical material, and then culminating with research proposals that use approaches and looks from social work And their possible contributions to the problem.
The following work focuses on an interpretation and understanding of the articulation between public policies and how they impact on the quality of life of the older adult from their own subjective perceptions, understanding it from a qualitative as well as socio-critical perspective. It begins first with an understanding of the phenomenon in relation to how it is manifested today, the importance of the increase of the population greater and all the challenges that this situation entails for both society and the State. Relevant aspects of the older adult are considered as a situation within a doubly vulnerable context, territorial aspects, and the deepening on the concept of quality of life as such and as it is linked to the older adult, which supposes this for him within his lifetime. It continues the development of a theoretical framework that is divided into two sections. The first consists of a referential framework that gathers and emphasizes aspects relevant to the quality of life of older adults such as SENAMA, Health and Welfare Policy. Second, there is a conceptual framework, which encompasses concepts under which the meaning of research revolves from the theoretical perspective, these concepts correspond to quality of life, daily life, participation and public policy. Then, the methodological framework is developed, which focuses on the processes and guidelines that guide the research process, fieldwork and respective analyzes. This section presents the methodology and approach used by the research, which corresponds to the qualitative in complementarity with the socio-criticism. Information production techniques such as field notes, in-depth interviews and socio-analytical assemblies that together form the work of producing both qualitative and socio-critical material are presented. We then proceed to data analyzes consisting of a description and qualitative interpretation of the data produced in the field work in participation with the subjects. This work is divided in two parts, the qualitative section that makes use of 7 the axial codification for the generation of analytical graph for its later theoretical triangulation. In the second instance, the theoretical triangulation between the stories of the socio-analytical assembly and the background frame is developed, considering the researcher as the tool that fulfills the function of articulating the material produced and that used in the background, Both in qualitative and socio-critical triangulation. Finally, conclusions are drawn based on the presentation of results and findings found in the research concerning both qualitative and socio-critical material, and then culminating with research proposals that use approaches and looks from social work And their possible contributions to the problem.
Notas
Tesis (Trabajador Social)
Palabras clave
Ancianos, Calidad de Vida, Políticas Públicas, Chile, Región Metropolitana