Hemichannels: new roles in astroglial function
Cargando...
Archivos
Fecha
2014
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
en
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Frontiers Research Foundation
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Atribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Licencia CC
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
Resumen
The role of astrocytes in brain function has evolved over the last decade, from support cells
to active participants in the neuronal synapse through the release of “gliotransmitters.”
Astrocytes express receptors for most neurotransmitters and respond to them through
Ca2+ intracellular oscillations and propagation of intercellular Ca2+ waves. While such
waves are able to propagate among neighboring astrocytes through gap junctions,
thereby activating several astrocytes simultaneously, they can also trigger the release of
gliotransmitters, including glutamate, d-serine, glycine, ATP, adenosine, or GABA. There
are several mechanisms by which gliotransmitter release occurs, including functional
hemichannels. These gliotransmitters can activate neighboring astrocytes and participate
in the propagation of intercellular Ca2+ waves, or activate pre- and post-synaptic receptors,
including NMDA, AMPA, and purinergic receptors. In consequence, hemichannels could
play a pivotal role in astrocyte-to-astrocyte communication and astrocyte-to-neuron
cross-talk. Recent evidence suggests that astroglial hemichannels are involved in higher
brain functions including memory and glucose sensing. The present review will focus on
the role of hemichannels in astrocyte-to-astrocyte and astrocyte-to neuron communication
and in brain physiology
Notas
Indexación Scopus.
Palabras clave
Astrocytes, Hemichannel, Calcium Waves, Tripartite Synapse, Connexins, Brain Functions
Citación
Frontiers in Physiology. Volume 5 JUN. 2014. Article number Article 193
DOI
10.3389/fphys.2014.00193