Sensibilidad y especificidad de examen reacción en cadena de polimerasa para detección de Sars Cov 2 : revisión narrativa
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2021
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Introducción: El mundo está atravesando por una pandemia sin precedentes en tiempos modernos, el SARS-COV2, tuvo sus primeros reportes en diciembre del 2019 en Hubei, China, debido a la gran conexión de China con el resto del mundo, la infección se expandió rápidamente a nivel global. El testeo para el SARS-COV2 se ha determinado que se realice a través de un hisopado nasofaríngeo y posterior análisis por pruebas de detección molecular por la técnica de reacción en cadena de polimerasa (PCR). Objetivo: Realizar una revisión narrativa de literatura internacional y nacional sobre la sensibilidad y especificidad en el testeo de exámenes para detección de SARS-COV2 a través del método de reacción en cadena de polimerasa. Metodología: Revisión narrativa de literatura, se utilizaron las bases de datos Scielo y PubMed, los descriptores utilizados para búsqueda fueron, “COVID-19 Testing", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Nasopharynx", "Sensitivity and Specificity". Resultados: después del proceso de depuración se seleccionaron 20 artículos de los cuales, las investigaciones se han destinado al control y disminución de la propagación de esta enfermedad, la OMS, regula las directrices a tomar mundialmente, ha determinado las medidas de aislamiento, trazabilidad y cuidado personal como lavado de manos y uso de mascarillas, la herramienta definida como estándar del oro es la RT-PCR para determinar la infección por SARS-COV2 debido a su alta sensibilidad analítica Conclusión: El testeo se basa en lineamientos internacionales, donde se toma como Gold Estándar el RT PCR como método confirmatorio para infección por SARS COV 2, método con alta sensibilidad para determinar la población objetivo, es necesario mejorar la calidad de los métodos de testeos para así disminuir los falsos negativos.
Introduction: The world is going through a pandemic unprecedented in modern times, SARS-COV2, had its first reports in December 2019 in Hubei, China, due to the great connection of China with the rest of the world the infection spread rapidly throughout the world. The testing for SARS-COV2 has been determined to be performed through a nasopharyngeal swab and subsequent analysis by molecular screening tests by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Objective: To discuss a narrative review of international and national literature on the sensitivity and specificity in the testing of tests for the detection of SARS-COV2 through the polymerase chain reaction method. Methodology: Narrative literature review, Scielo and Pubmed databases were used, the descriptors used for search were, "COVID-19 Testing", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Nasopharynx", "Sensitivity and Specificity". Results: After the purification process 20 articles were selected from which, the research has been aimed at controlling and reducing the spread of this disease, the WHO, regulates the guidelines to be taken worldwide, has determined the measures of isolation, traceability and personal care such as hand washing and use of masks, the tool defined as the gold standard is the RT-PCR to determine the infection by SARS-VOC2 due to its high analytical sensitivity. Conclusion: The testing is based on international guidelines, where RT PCR is taken as a Gold Standard as a confirmatory method for infection by SARS COV 2, method with high sensitivity to determine the target population, it is necessary to improve the quality of the testing methods in order to reduce false negatives.
Introduction: The world is going through a pandemic unprecedented in modern times, SARS-COV2, had its first reports in December 2019 in Hubei, China, due to the great connection of China with the rest of the world the infection spread rapidly throughout the world. The testing for SARS-COV2 has been determined to be performed through a nasopharyngeal swab and subsequent analysis by molecular screening tests by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Objective: To discuss a narrative review of international and national literature on the sensitivity and specificity in the testing of tests for the detection of SARS-COV2 through the polymerase chain reaction method. Methodology: Narrative literature review, Scielo and Pubmed databases were used, the descriptors used for search were, "COVID-19 Testing", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Nasopharynx", "Sensitivity and Specificity". Results: After the purification process 20 articles were selected from which, the research has been aimed at controlling and reducing the spread of this disease, the WHO, regulates the guidelines to be taken worldwide, has determined the measures of isolation, traceability and personal care such as hand washing and use of masks, the tool defined as the gold standard is the RT-PCR to determine the infection by SARS-VOC2 due to its high analytical sensitivity. Conclusion: The testing is based on international guidelines, where RT PCR is taken as a Gold Standard as a confirmatory method for infection by SARS COV 2, method with high sensitivity to determine the target population, it is necessary to improve the quality of the testing methods in order to reduce false negatives.
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Tesis (Magíster en Enfermería)
Palabras clave
SARS-CoV-2, Reacción en Cadena por Polimerasa