Prefabricación en obra gruesa
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Archivos
Fecha
2006
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Se exponen los conceptos de prefabricación e industrialización, y el aporte de éstas a la
construcción, se describen los distintos sistemas de industrialización tanto cerrados
como abiertos y los tipos de prefabricación, ya sea parcial o total. Para la
industrialización y prefabricación la etapa del proyecto es fundamental en el resultado
final de un sistema de prefabricación.
Se abordan también, los diferentes tipos de sistemas de prefabricación, distinguiendo
entre los diferentes materiales, como madera, acero y hormigón, determinando sus
ventajas y desventajas como material de prefabricación tanto "in situ" como el la fase
industrial.
En estos sistemas, el montaje de los elementos es fundamental para lograr el éxito ya
que éste define la velocidad de la construcción. Es necesario definir los requisitos
mínimos, secuencia lógica del proceso, modo de producción de elementos, modo de
transporte e izaje y condiciones para el montaje
Luego del montaje de los elementos es fundamental el tipo de conexión o sistema de
anclaje a utilizar. Al ser Chile una zona sísmica, las uniones se determinan o desarrollan
basándose en las restricciones y desarrollo sísmico. La norma chilena sísmica
(NCh2369. Of.2003) hace alcances a los distintos tipos de uniones, tanto secas,
húmedas, rígidas, dúctiles, rotuladas y gravitacionales (sin mayor aporte sísmico).
The objective of the thesis is to analyse the concepts of prefabrication and industrialization to evaluate their respective contributions to construction. It describes the opened and closed industrialization systems. as well as the different types of total and partial prefabrication. The thesis also highlights the importance of a thorough study and analysis of the 'Pre- project' as one of the most fundamental variables in the successful completion of prefabricated and industrialized construction. Furthermore, reference is made to the different types of prefabrication systems and specific materials such as wood, steel and concrete. The characteristics of these materials. their advantages and disadvantages are determined in relation to the "on site or industrialized prefabrication. Within these prefabrication systems, the assembly process is fundamental for the successfully completion of the project because it defines the speed of construction. It is necessary to establish the minimum requisites, the logical sequence of the process, the means of production of the elements, as well as the means of transportation and of hoisting, and the conditions for mounting. It is necessary to take all the corresponding precautions during the construction process according to the specific materials to be employed. After the completion of the mounting process, the adequate type of connection or anchoring system must be employed. Since Chile is located in a seismic zone, the anchoring systems are determined by a set of rules and regulations contained in Chilean Seismic Regulations (NCh 2369. Of 2003), and must be developed accordingly. These rules specify the different types of connections: dry or humid; rigid or flexible; labelled or gravitational. The latter doesn't contribute substantially to the seismic requirements.
The objective of the thesis is to analyse the concepts of prefabrication and industrialization to evaluate their respective contributions to construction. It describes the opened and closed industrialization systems. as well as the different types of total and partial prefabrication. The thesis also highlights the importance of a thorough study and analysis of the 'Pre- project' as one of the most fundamental variables in the successful completion of prefabricated and industrialized construction. Furthermore, reference is made to the different types of prefabrication systems and specific materials such as wood, steel and concrete. The characteristics of these materials. their advantages and disadvantages are determined in relation to the "on site or industrialized prefabrication. Within these prefabrication systems, the assembly process is fundamental for the successfully completion of the project because it defines the speed of construction. It is necessary to establish the minimum requisites, the logical sequence of the process, the means of production of the elements, as well as the means of transportation and of hoisting, and the conditions for mounting. It is necessary to take all the corresponding precautions during the construction process according to the specific materials to be employed. After the completion of the mounting process, the adequate type of connection or anchoring system must be employed. Since Chile is located in a seismic zone, the anchoring systems are determined by a set of rules and regulations contained in Chilean Seismic Regulations (NCh 2369. Of 2003), and must be developed accordingly. These rules specify the different types of connections: dry or humid; rigid or flexible; labelled or gravitational. The latter doesn't contribute substantially to the seismic requirements.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero Constructor)
Palabras clave
Proyectos de Desarrollo, Materiales de Construcción, Construcciones Prefabricadas