Propuesta de diseño de diagrama de tronadura en avance de túneles en Mina Paraíso, verificando bajo nivel de vibraciones
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Archivos
Fecha
2020
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Uno de los problemas más comunes encontrados en la minería corresponde al diseño
de tronadura, su importancia radica en las consecuencias que conlleva al realizar un
buen o mal diseño, ya que afecta a todos los procesos posteriores.
Un buen diagrama de tronadura permite mayor extracción mineral, menor tiempo de
ciclos, más seguridad y menos daños a las paredes y fortificación.
La eficiencia de un buen diseño también es producto de otros factores, entre los que
encontramos el tipo de perforación que se realiza, la calidad y resistencia de la roca
sobre la que se trabaja, el uso de explosivos correspondientes al terreno que se está
explotando, el nivel de vibraciones generados a raíz de la tronadura realizada y el
efecto que tiene este sobre la roca circundante.
En el siguiente trabajo se analiza el método y variables presentadas en la actualidad a
la fecha de realizado este informe y cómo ha afectado a las condiciones actuales de
labor en la minera de carbón “El Paraíso”
Además se desarrollará una propuesta de diseño de tronadura que concuerde más con
el terreno trabajado y las rocas encontradas, se considera también las variables que se
ajustan mejor al tipo de diseño y roca sobre la que se efectúa la explotación.
Por último se analiza la posible consecuencia tras el uso del método propuesto,
considerando daños, costos y beneficios.
One of the most common problems found in mining corresponding to blasting design, its importance lies in the consequences that it entails when making a good or bad design, since it affects all subsequent processes. A good blast pattern allows more mineral extraction, shorter cycle times, more safety, and less damage to walls and fortification. The efficiency of a good design is also the product of other factors, among which we find the type of drilling that is carried out, the quality and resistance of the rock on which it is worked, the use of explosives corresponding to the terrain that is being exploited, the level of vibrations generated as a result of the blast made and the effect that this has on the surrounding rock. The following analyzes the method and variables of the work currently presented at the date of this report and how it has affected the current working conditions at the "El Paraíso" coal mine. In addition, a blast design proposal will be developed that agrees more with the worked terrain and the rocks found, the variables that best fit the type of design and rock on which the exploitation is carried out are also considered. Finally, the possible consequence after the use of the proposed method is analyzed, considering damages, costs and benefits.
One of the most common problems found in mining corresponding to blasting design, its importance lies in the consequences that it entails when making a good or bad design, since it affects all subsequent processes. A good blast pattern allows more mineral extraction, shorter cycle times, more safety, and less damage to walls and fortification. The efficiency of a good design is also the product of other factors, among which we find the type of drilling that is carried out, the quality and resistance of the rock on which it is worked, the use of explosives corresponding to the terrain that is being exploited, the level of vibrations generated as a result of the blast made and the effect that this has on the surrounding rock. The following analyzes the method and variables of the work currently presented at the date of this report and how it has affected the current working conditions at the "El Paraíso" coal mine. In addition, a blast design proposal will be developed that agrees more with the worked terrain and the rocks found, the variables that best fit the type of design and rock on which the exploitation is carried out are also considered. Finally, the possible consequence after the use of the proposed method is analyzed, considering damages, costs and benefits.
Notas
Proyecto de Título (Ingeniero Civil en Minas)
Palabras clave
Explotación Minera, Voladuras, Diseño, Chile, Los Alamos