Proceso mina-planta para el mineral del hierro
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Fecha
2018
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Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Una de las principales actividades que generan los mayores ingresos económicos al PIB de Chile es la industria minera. Esta se centra en la extracción, procesamiento y exportación del mineral de cobre, donde su sucesor de la misma industria es el Hierro. La industria minera chilena se centra en la extracción, procesamiento y venta de mineral, donde las principales actividades que llevan la mayor cantidad de inversiones son la operación mina “CAMG” y operación planta. La operación mina consiste en el desarrollo de las actividades que permiten la explotación y extracción de mineral, en este caso de estudio, mineral de Hierro. Todas estas operaciones son desarrolladas de acuerdo con estudios preliminares, donde se toman en consideración la información recopilada con antecedentes de estudio que fueron obtenidos por entidades externas a la empresa minera. Dentro de esos antecedentes pueden recopilarse datos como; información geológica, geotécnica, hidrogeológica, sísmica, leyes de mineral, etc. En este estudio se plantea hipotéticamente un caso de una mina de recursos y dimensiones ficticias, esta información es la que permitirá poder calcular Pit final, el cual entrega el mayor beneficio con el mínimo esfuerzo y recursos. Todos estos datos son la base para el desarrollo de un plan minero, el cual considera la mejor secuencia de explotación que ha sido definida en 4 Fases con aproximadamente 2 a 3.5 años de duración cada una, con una alimentación constante a planta de 20 a 25 Ktpd. Las muestras obtenidas a través de pruebas geológicas (sondajes) son enviados para su estudio metalúrgico, donde se define el proceso de tratamiento de estos recursos, donde al tener definido ya un plan minero entregado por Ingeniera de Minas se diseñan las plantas de proceso (Planta Beneficio, Planta Concentradora y Planta de Filtrado), se realizan los balances de masa y de agua que permiten dimensionar los equipos principales tales como; chancadores, colectores de polvo, harneros, molino de rodillos, prensas, detector de metales, etc. Los recursos minerales considerados en el yacimiento ascienden a 120 MTON aproximadamente, que serán procesados durante 14 años de vida útil, incluyendo alimentación de acopios, donde se obtendrá según plan minero una producción anual de 2 a 3 MTON de Pellet Feed aproximadamente.
One of the main activities that generate the highest economic income to GDP in Chile is the mining industry. This is mainly focused on the extraction, processing and export of copper ore, where its successor of the same industry is El Hierro. The Chilean mining industry focuses mainly on the extraction, processing and sale of ore, where the main activities that carry the greatest amount of investments are the mine operation and operation of the plant. The mine operation consists of the development of activities that allow the exploitation and extraction of ore, in this case study, Iron ore. All these operations are developed according to preliminary studies, which take into consideration the information collected with background of study that were obtained by entities external to the mining company. Within those antecedent’sdata such as; geological, geotechnical, hydrogeological, seismic, ore laws, etc.In this study a hypothetical case of a mine of resources and fictitious dimensions is hypothesized, this information is what will allow to calculate final Pit, which delivers the greatest benefit with the minimum effort. All these data are the basis for the development of a mining plan, which considers the best sequence of exploitation that has been defined in 03 Phases with approximately 2 to 3.5 year of durationeach, with a constant power plant 20 to 25 Ktpd. The samples obtained through geological tests (drilling) are sent for metallurgical study, where the process of treatment of these resources is defined, where having already defined a mining plan delivered by Mining Engineering, the process plants are designed (Plant Benefit, Concentrator Plant and Filtration Plant), the mass and water balances are made, which allow to dimension the main equipment and the concentrator. The mineral resources considered in the project amount to 120 MTON approximately, which will be processed during 14 years of useful life including supply of stockpiles, where an annual production of 2 to 3 MTON of Pellet Feed approximated will be obtained according to mining plan entity.
One of the main activities that generate the highest economic income to GDP in Chile is the mining industry. This is mainly focused on the extraction, processing and export of copper ore, where its successor of the same industry is El Hierro. The Chilean mining industry focuses mainly on the extraction, processing and sale of ore, where the main activities that carry the greatest amount of investments are the mine operation and operation of the plant. The mine operation consists of the development of activities that allow the exploitation and extraction of ore, in this case study, Iron ore. All these operations are developed according to preliminary studies, which take into consideration the information collected with background of study that were obtained by entities external to the mining company. Within those antecedent’sdata such as; geological, geotechnical, hydrogeological, seismic, ore laws, etc.In this study a hypothetical case of a mine of resources and fictitious dimensions is hypothesized, this information is what will allow to calculate final Pit, which delivers the greatest benefit with the minimum effort. All these data are the basis for the development of a mining plan, which considers the best sequence of exploitation that has been defined in 03 Phases with approximately 2 to 3.5 year of durationeach, with a constant power plant 20 to 25 Ktpd. The samples obtained through geological tests (drilling) are sent for metallurgical study, where the process of treatment of these resources is defined, where having already defined a mining plan delivered by Mining Engineering, the process plants are designed (Plant Benefit, Concentrator Plant and Filtration Plant), the mass and water balances are made, which allow to dimension the main equipment and the concentrator. The mineral resources considered in the project amount to 120 MTON approximately, which will be processed during 14 years of useful life including supply of stockpiles, where an annual production of 2 to 3 MTON of Pellet Feed approximated will be obtained according to mining plan entity.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniería Civil en Minas)
Palabras clave
Minas de Hierro, Explotación, Investigaciones, Explotación Minera, Diseño