Impacto de la pandemia de Covid-19 en los programas de rehabilitación cardiovascular en adultos : revisión narrativa
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Fecha
2022
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Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte a nivel mundial. La pandemia por COVID-19 llevó a un aumento de la incidencia por enfermedades cardiovasculares debido a que los programas de rehabilitación cardiovascular tuvieron un cambio de modalidad desde la presencialidad a la telerehabilitación, la cual generó beneficios en los adultos cardiópatas. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo determinar cuáles fueron los beneficios de la telerehabilitación en adultos cardiópatas durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión narrativa a través de 3 buscadores (Pubmed, WOS y Scopus). Se encontraron 91 artículos totales y al eliminar los duplicados, quedaron 67 para realizar una selección. De estos se incluyeron 28 artículos para una lectura completa, de los que finalmente solo 6 fueron incluidos. Resultados: Dentro de los beneficios de la telerehabilitación durante la pandemia por COVID-19 se encontró un aumento de la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria y niveles de actividad física, una disminución del tiempo sedentario y de la tasa de readmisión de emergencia dentro de los 30 días post alta hospitalaria, además de una alta tasa de satisfacción desde la población hacia esta modalidad. Conclusiones: Los beneficios encontrados en esta revisión no se pueden replicar o generalizar a toda la población cardiópata adulta debido a que las modalidades de entrenamiento no fueron especificadas, el tamaño muestral no logró representar la totalidad de la población cardiópata, además de ser excluidos de los estudios las personas con alto riesgo cardiovascular. Por esto es necesario realizar mayores estudios para comprobar los beneficios y eficacia de la telerehabilitación en esta población.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic led to an increase in the incidence of cardiovascular disease 4 because cardiovascular rehabilitation programs changed from attendance to telerehabilitation, which generated benefits in adults with heart disease. This review aims to determine the benefits of telerehabilitation in adults with heart disease during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A narrative review was conducted through 3 search engines (Pubmed, WOS and Scopus). A total of 91 articles were found and when duplicates were removed, 67 remained for selection. Of these, 28 articles were included for a complete reading, of which only 6 were finally included. Result: Among the benefits of telerehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in cardiorespiratory capacity and physical activity levels was found, a decrease in sedentary time and emergency readmission rate within 30 days’ post hospital discharge was demonstrated, in addition to a high rate of satisfaction from the population towards this modality. Conclusions: The benefits found in this review cannot be replicated or generalized to the entire adult cardiac population because the training modalities were not specified, the sample size did not represent the entire cardiac population, and people at high cardiovascular risk were excluded from the studies. Therefore, further studies are needed to prove the benefits and efficacy of telerehabilitation in this population.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic led to an increase in the incidence of cardiovascular disease 4 because cardiovascular rehabilitation programs changed from attendance to telerehabilitation, which generated benefits in adults with heart disease. This review aims to determine the benefits of telerehabilitation in adults with heart disease during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A narrative review was conducted through 3 search engines (Pubmed, WOS and Scopus). A total of 91 articles were found and when duplicates were removed, 67 remained for selection. Of these, 28 articles were included for a complete reading, of which only 6 were finally included. Result: Among the benefits of telerehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in cardiorespiratory capacity and physical activity levels was found, a decrease in sedentary time and emergency readmission rate within 30 days’ post hospital discharge was demonstrated, in addition to a high rate of satisfaction from the population towards this modality. Conclusions: The benefits found in this review cannot be replicated or generalized to the entire adult cardiac population because the training modalities were not specified, the sample size did not represent the entire cardiac population, and people at high cardiovascular risk were excluded from the studies. Therefore, further studies are needed to prove the benefits and efficacy of telerehabilitation in this population.
Notas
Tesis (Licenciado en Kinesiología)
Palabras clave
Cardiopatías, Telerehabilitación, Adultos