Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Jubaea chilensis, an Endemic and Monotype Gender from Chile, Based on SNP Markers
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Fecha
2022-08
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
en
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Título del volumen
Editor
MDPI
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Licencia CC
CC BY 4.0 DEED
Attribution 4.0 International
Licencia CC
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Resumen
Jubaea chilensis (Molina) Baill., also named Chilean palm, is an endemic species found in the coastal area of Mediterranean sclerophyllous forest in Chile. It has a highly restricted and fragmented distribution along the coast, being under intense exploitation and anthropogenic impact. Based on 1038 SNP markers, we evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure among six J. chilensis natural groups encompassing 96% of the species distribution. We observed low levels of genetic diversity, a deficit of heterozygotes (mean HE = 0.024; HO = 0.014), and high levels of inbreeding (mean FIS = 0.424). The fixation index (FST) and Nei’s genetic distance pairwise comparisons indicated low to moderate structuring among populations. There was no evidence of isolation by distance (r = −0.214, p = 0.799). In the cluster analysis, we observed a closer relationship among Culimo, Cocalán, and Candelaria populations. Migration rates among populations were low, except for some populations with moderate values. The K value that best represented the spatial distribution of genetic diversity was ∆K = 3. Habitat fragmentation, deterioration of the sclerophyllous forest, lack of long-distance dispersers, and a natural regeneration deficit may have driven inbreeding and low levels of genetic diversity in the palm groves of J. chilensis. Although extant populations are not at imminent risk of extinction, the rate of inbreeding could increase and migration could decrease if the effects of climate change and human impact become more acute. © 2022 by the authors.
Notas
Indexación: Scopus.
Palabras clave
Genetic diversity, Jubaea chilensis, Neotropical palm, Population structure, SNP
Citación
Plants, Volume 11, Issue 15, August 2022, Article number 1959
DOI
10.3390/plants11151959