Prototipo de modernización de cortadora cuarzo tipo puente
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Fecha
2020
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Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En la industria de la construcción utilizan diversos materiales, dentro de estos, están el
cuarzo, mármol, granito y otras piedras tanto naturales como artificiales. Estos materiales
son usados para cubiertas de cocina y baño, pisos y muros.
Para lograr que en la construcción usen estos materiales es necesario que estén
dimensionados en los tamaños que los utilizarán, por lo que para todos los cortes rectos de
estos existen las máquinas de corte, ya que es importante poder cumplir con la presentación
que se demanda en la construcción donde son requeridos los cortes rectos.
En la industria de las planchas de cuarzo, granito o mármol nos podemos encontrar con una
gran variedad de máquinas para procesar este material. Dentro de las cortadoras de cuarzo
existen las cortadoras tipo puente, pero estas existen hace varios años por lo cual nos
podemos encontrar con máquinas de la década del 2000.
Estas máquinas permiten cortar el material de la manera más lineal posible, aunque estas
están principalmente desactualizadas por lo que tienen la desventaja que se manipulan con
una persona a través de botones, teniendo ellos que determinar dónde cortar, con que
profundidad, a qué velocidad e incluso tener que rotar la plancha para lograr los cortes en el
otro sentido, dificultándose por el peso de estas siendo de 250 kg.
Actualmente podemos encontrar una gran variedad de estas cortadoras con configuración
CNC, rotación de mesa o motor cortador y cargador de planchas. Lo que nos permite hacer
cada proceso con mayor velocidad, exactitud y seguridad. Tales como Coch C34CNC y EAM
Di Pierucci O. CTEC3
Nuestros países vecinos tienen su propia fabricación de máquinas de corte, tanto como para
mercados nacionales (como AvrTec en Perú), como para internacionales (como Coch
Argentina). También podemos encontrar fábricas en otros países como Thibaut en Francia y
Schind en Turquía.
Es por esto que se desarrollará un prototipo ideando modernizar las maquinas antiguas
existentes en Chile de tal manera que queden con configuración CNC y rotación de motor de
corte, además de esto, agregar la opción de automatizar la programación del corte de manera
que el programa de la maquina sea capaz de interpretar un mapa de corte, en formato DXF,
y traducirlo a los movimientos de corte.
Como resultado se obtuvo una maquina CNC con un funcionamiento automático que se
mueve por los ejes XYZ y rota en el Z, esta funciona con un programa Python que envía la
instrucción a través de un controlador GRBL en código Gcode.
Este prototipo también podría ser aplicado a cualquier uso o utilidad de una CNC, tales como
fresadora (esta serviría para la fabricación de cuarzo incluso), grabado laser, corte laser, corte
al agua, perforado. Los cuales se usan con diversos materiales en donde nos podemos
encontrar metales, vidrio, madera y papeles.
In the construction industry they use various materials, among them are quartz, marble, granite and other natural and artificial stones. These materials are used for kitchen and bathroom countertops, floors and walls. In order to ensure that these materials are used in construction, it is necessary that they be dimensioned in sizes that will use them, so for all the straight cuts of these, there are cutting machines, since it is important to be able to comply with the presentation required in construction where straight cuts are required. In the quartz, granite or marble slabs industry we can find a great variety of machines to process this material. Within the quartz cutters there are bridge type cutters, but these exist several years ago, so we can find machines from the 2000s. These machines allow to cut the material in the most linear way possible, although these are mainly outdated so they have the disadvantage that they are manipulated with a person through buttons, having to determine where to cut, with what depth, at what speed and even having to rotate the slab to achieve the cuts in the other direction, being difficult due to the weight of these being 250 kg. Currently we can find a wide variety of these cutters with CNC configuration, table rotation or cutter motor and slab loader. What allows us to do each process with greater speed, accuracy and security. Such as Coch C34CNC and EAM Di Pierucci O. CTEC3 Our neighboring countries have their own manufacturing of cutting machines, both for national markets (such as AvrTec in Peru) and for international markets (such as Coch Argentina). We can also find factories in other countries like Thibaut in France and Schind in Turkey. That is why a prototype will be developed, devising to modernize the old machines existing in Chile in such a way that they are left with CNC configuration and rotation of the cutting motor, in addition to this, adding the option of automating the whole operation of the cut so the program of the machine is able to interpret a cutting map, in DXF format, and translate it into cutting movements. As a result, a CNC machine was obtained with an automatic operation that moves along the XYZ axes and rotates in the Z, it works with a Python program that sends the instruction through a GRBL controller in Gcode terms. This prototype could also be applied to any use or utility of a CNC, such as milling machine (this would be used for the manufacture of even quartz), laser engraving, laser cutting, water cutting, drilling. Which are used with various materials where we can find metals, glass, wood and papers.
In the construction industry they use various materials, among them are quartz, marble, granite and other natural and artificial stones. These materials are used for kitchen and bathroom countertops, floors and walls. In order to ensure that these materials are used in construction, it is necessary that they be dimensioned in sizes that will use them, so for all the straight cuts of these, there are cutting machines, since it is important to be able to comply with the presentation required in construction where straight cuts are required. In the quartz, granite or marble slabs industry we can find a great variety of machines to process this material. Within the quartz cutters there are bridge type cutters, but these exist several years ago, so we can find machines from the 2000s. These machines allow to cut the material in the most linear way possible, although these are mainly outdated so they have the disadvantage that they are manipulated with a person through buttons, having to determine where to cut, with what depth, at what speed and even having to rotate the slab to achieve the cuts in the other direction, being difficult due to the weight of these being 250 kg. Currently we can find a wide variety of these cutters with CNC configuration, table rotation or cutter motor and slab loader. What allows us to do each process with greater speed, accuracy and security. Such as Coch C34CNC and EAM Di Pierucci O. CTEC3 Our neighboring countries have their own manufacturing of cutting machines, both for national markets (such as AvrTec in Peru) and for international markets (such as Coch Argentina). We can also find factories in other countries like Thibaut in France and Schind in Turkey. That is why a prototype will be developed, devising to modernize the old machines existing in Chile in such a way that they are left with CNC configuration and rotation of the cutting motor, in addition to this, adding the option of automating the whole operation of the cut so the program of the machine is able to interpret a cutting map, in DXF format, and translate it into cutting movements. As a result, a CNC machine was obtained with an automatic operation that moves along the XYZ axes and rotates in the Z, it works with a Python program that sends the instruction through a GRBL controller in Gcode terms. This prototype could also be applied to any use or utility of a CNC, such as milling machine (this would be used for the manufacture of even quartz), laser engraving, laser cutting, water cutting, drilling. Which are used with various materials where we can find metals, glass, wood and papers.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero en Automatización y Robótica)
Palabras clave
Cortadoras, Innovaciones Tecnológicas, Prototipos (Ingeniería)