Efectos de la inoculación de una mezcla de aislados bacterianos de praderas de Osorno sobre plantas de Lolium perenne y Trifolium repens bajo estrés hídrico
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Fecha
2024
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Profesor/a Guía
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Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
El cambio climático, impulsado por la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero debido a
actividades humanas, está provocando un aumento global de temperaturas y cambios en los
patrones hidrológicos. En Chile, este fenómeno se manifiesta con años consecutivos de sequía.
El sector agrícola, siendo el principal consumidor mundial de agua, se ve especialmente afectado
un ejemplo de esto es la Región de Los Lagos, donde la sequía ha afectado el crecimiento de
especies forrajeras clave como la ballica (Lolium perenne) y el trébol blanco (Trifolium repens),
utilizadas en sistemas ganaderos. Frente a este desafío, se busca implementar estrategias de
adaptación, siendo crucial asegurar un suministro adecuado de alimentos para el ganado. Una
de las estrategias que se sugieren en este trabajo es implementar el uso de rizobacterias, en el
cual se tienen como objetivos determinar si las rizobacterias son compatibles entre sí y a su vez
se busca evaluar el impacto que tendría una mezcla de aislados bacterianos en especies
forrajeras como L. perenne y T. repens.
La metodología empleada en este estudio se centró en la evaluación de la compatibilidad de tres
cepas que son denominadas como C6, C16 y C17. El objetivo era confirmar la viabilidad de un
inóculo compuesto por estas tres cepas, para luego ser aplicadas en ballica y trébol blanco bajo
condiciones controladas. Se llevaron a cabo diversos análisis en los cultivos inoculados con esta
mezcla abarcando desde el índice de germinación, las longitudes de tallo, hoja y raíz, así como
también el peso seco y fresco que presentaron estos cultivos en tres puntos de muestreo
determinantes que fueron punto previo, punto sequía y punto de rehidratación.
Los resultados obtenidos revelan que el aislado bacteriano compuesto por las tres cepas, no
induce cambios beneficiosos significativos en la especie de ballica en ninguna de las dos
variedades consideradas en este estudio, ya sea B. Nui o B. One 50, al igual que ocurre con
trébol blanco, ninguna sus dos variedades consideradas T. Mainstay y T. Mantra, se ve
beneficiada. Estos hallazgos nos sirven para refutar la hipótesis inicial de que la mezcla de estos
aislados bacterianos es beneficiosa para las especies L. perenne y T. repens.
Climate change, driven by the emission of greenhouse gasses due to human activities, is causing a global increase in temperatures and changes in hydrological patterns. In Chile, this phenomenon is manifested through consecutive years of drought. The agricultural sector, as the world's primary consumer of water, is particularly affected. An example of this is the Los Lagos region, where drought has impacted the growth of key forage species such as Lolium perenne (Perennial Ryegrass) and Trifolium repens (White Clover), used in livestock systems. Faced with this challenge, efforts are being made to implement adaptation strategies, with a crucial focus on ensuring an adequate supply of food for livestock. One strategy suggested in this work is the implementation of rhizobacteria, with the objectives of determining the compatibility of rhizobacteria with each other and evaluating the impact of a mix of bacterial isolates on forage species like L. perenne and T. repens. The methodology employed in this study focused on evaluating the compatibility of three strains referred to as C6, C16, and C17. The goal was to confirm the viability of an inoculum composed of these three strains, which would then be applied to perennial ryegrass and white clover under controlled conditions. Various analyses were conducted on crops inoculated with this mixture, ranging from germination index, stem, leaf, and root lengths to dry and fresh weights at three critical sampling points: pre-point, drought point, and rehydration point. The results obtained reveal that the bacterial isolate composed of the three strains does not induce significant beneficial changes in the perennial ryegrass species in either of the two varieties considered in this study, B. Nui, or B. One 50. Like what happens with white clover, neither of the two varieties considered, T. Mainstay and T. Mantra, benefits. These findings refute the initial hypothesis that the mixture of these bacterial isolates is beneficial for L. perenne and T. repens species.
Climate change, driven by the emission of greenhouse gasses due to human activities, is causing a global increase in temperatures and changes in hydrological patterns. In Chile, this phenomenon is manifested through consecutive years of drought. The agricultural sector, as the world's primary consumer of water, is particularly affected. An example of this is the Los Lagos region, where drought has impacted the growth of key forage species such as Lolium perenne (Perennial Ryegrass) and Trifolium repens (White Clover), used in livestock systems. Faced with this challenge, efforts are being made to implement adaptation strategies, with a crucial focus on ensuring an adequate supply of food for livestock. One strategy suggested in this work is the implementation of rhizobacteria, with the objectives of determining the compatibility of rhizobacteria with each other and evaluating the impact of a mix of bacterial isolates on forage species like L. perenne and T. repens. The methodology employed in this study focused on evaluating the compatibility of three strains referred to as C6, C16, and C17. The goal was to confirm the viability of an inoculum composed of these three strains, which would then be applied to perennial ryegrass and white clover under controlled conditions. Various analyses were conducted on crops inoculated with this mixture, ranging from germination index, stem, leaf, and root lengths to dry and fresh weights at three critical sampling points: pre-point, drought point, and rehydration point. The results obtained reveal that the bacterial isolate composed of the three strains does not induce significant beneficial changes in the perennial ryegrass species in either of the two varieties considered in this study, B. Nui, or B. One 50. Like what happens with white clover, neither of the two varieties considered, T. Mainstay and T. Mantra, benefits. These findings refute the initial hypothesis that the mixture of these bacterial isolates is beneficial for L. perenne and T. repens species.
Notas
Memoria (Ingeniera en Biotecnología)
Palabras clave
Bacterias, Investigaciones, Plantas Forrajeras