Propuesta de guía de intervención kinésica en período hospitalario en mujeres que fueron sometidas a cirugía de cáncer de mama
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2015
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En Chile, desde el año 2009, el Cáncer de mama ocupa primer lugar entre las
causas de muerte por cáncer en la mujer y al año 2011 alcanzó una tasa de
mortalidad total de 15,5/100.000 mujeres. Su abordaje terapéutico médico
incluye QUIMIOTERAPIA, RADIOTERAPIA, HORMONOTERAPIA y CIRUGÍA.
Todas ellas, especialmente la cirugía, a pesar de que permiten el aumento en la
sobrevida de la patología, pueden llegar a provocar alteraciones secundarias
que no sólo disminuyen la calidad de vida de las pacientes, sino que también
contribuyen a un aumento en los días de hospitalización y gastos en salud.
Objetivo: Elaborar una propuesta de Guía Práctica Clínica de intervención
kinésica en período hospitalario en mujeres que fueron sometidas a cirugía de
cáncer de mama con el fin de brindar terapia kinésica precoz, buscando
prevenir y/o disminuir la gravedad de las alteraciones secundarias que se
manifiestan por los distintos tratamientos médicos utilizados para combatir el
cáncer y con ello condicionar la cantidad de días cama y los gastos por
prestaciones en salud de las pacientes.
Estrategia de búsqueda: se revisaron las bases de datos de Scielo, Pubmed,
Elservier, PEDro, Medline, Google Académico y los siguientes sitios web:
www.globocan.iarc.fr, www.cancer.org, www.breastcancer.org.
Selección de artículos: Los artículos se seleccionaron a través de la Escala de
Clasificación de Nivel de Evidencia Sackett y se consideraron sólo los artículos
con grado de evidencia Ia, Ib, IIa y IIb. Además, se realizó un filtro de estos en
base al año, teniendo como límite de antigüedad el año 2000. Se localizaron
118 artículos en todo el estudio, de los cuales 55 se utilizaron para realizar la
Guía Práctica Clínica.
Síntesis de resultados y conclusiones: Se localizaron artículos científicos de
algún grado de evidencia según la Escala de clasificación de nivel de evidencia
de Sackett (Ia, Ib, IIa y IIb). Entre ellas destacan las recomendaciones de
tratamientos kinésicos post cirugía de manera temprana para dolor, edema,
alteraciones respiratorias, seroma y restricción de movimiento.
In Chile, since 2009, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in woman and in 2011 reached a total mortality rate of 15,5 per 100.000 women. It’s therapeutic approach includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonetherapy and surgery. All of them, especially surgery, although they allow an increase in the survival rate of the pathology, may cause secondary alterations that not only decrease the quality of life of the patients, but also contribute to an increase in hospitalization days and health expenditures. Objective: to develop a Clinical Practice Guideline Proposal of physiotherapy intervention in hospitalary period in women who underwent breast cancer surgery in order to provide early physiotherapy, looking for to prevent and/or reduce the severity of secondary alterations manifested by the medical treatments used to fight cancer and with this, condicionate the number of bed days and the patient’s costs of health expenditures. Search Strategy: Scielo, Pubmed, Elservier, PEDro, Medline and Academic Google database were reviewed. Also the next websites: www.globocan.iarc.fr, www.cancer.org, www.breastcancer.org. Articles selection: the articles selection was made through the Rating Level of Evidence Scale of Sackett and were considered only the ones with Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb evidence rate. Another articles’s filter was made acording to the year of publication, with age limit of the year 2000. 118 articles were included in the study, of which 55 were used in the creation of the Clinical Practice Guideline Proposal. Outcomes synthesis and conclusion: scientific articles with some degree of evidence according to the Level of Evidence Scale of Sackett (Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb) were located. These include physiotherapy treatment recommendations on the post surgical period in order to treat pain, edema, respiratory disturbances, seroma aparition and movement restriction on an early post-surgical period.
In Chile, since 2009, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in woman and in 2011 reached a total mortality rate of 15,5 per 100.000 women. It’s therapeutic approach includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonetherapy and surgery. All of them, especially surgery, although they allow an increase in the survival rate of the pathology, may cause secondary alterations that not only decrease the quality of life of the patients, but also contribute to an increase in hospitalization days and health expenditures. Objective: to develop a Clinical Practice Guideline Proposal of physiotherapy intervention in hospitalary period in women who underwent breast cancer surgery in order to provide early physiotherapy, looking for to prevent and/or reduce the severity of secondary alterations manifested by the medical treatments used to fight cancer and with this, condicionate the number of bed days and the patient’s costs of health expenditures. Search Strategy: Scielo, Pubmed, Elservier, PEDro, Medline and Academic Google database were reviewed. Also the next websites: www.globocan.iarc.fr, www.cancer.org, www.breastcancer.org. Articles selection: the articles selection was made through the Rating Level of Evidence Scale of Sackett and were considered only the ones with Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb evidence rate. Another articles’s filter was made acording to the year of publication, with age limit of the year 2000. 118 articles were included in the study, of which 55 were used in the creation of the Clinical Practice Guideline Proposal. Outcomes synthesis and conclusion: scientific articles with some degree of evidence according to the Level of Evidence Scale of Sackett (Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb) were located. These include physiotherapy treatment recommendations on the post surgical period in order to treat pain, edema, respiratory disturbances, seroma aparition and movement restriction on an early post-surgical period.
Notas
Tesis (Kinesiología)
Palabras clave
Mujeres, Cáncer Mamario, Prevención y Control, Terapia por Ejercicio, Mortalidad, Índices Matemáticos