Zúñiga, Pablo ChávezLara, José Julián Soto2025-05-222025-05-22002407194404https://repositorio.unab.cl/handle/ria/64855INDEXACION SCOPUSThis article problematizes from a historiographic perspective the development of childhood mortality in the Province of Concepción between 1900 and 1930. The objective is to know the singularities of the fatal demographic phenomenon and the strategies that the local medical-political elite created to solve it. The tested hypothesis suggests that the incipient pediatrics in conjunction with the modernization of health works increased the quality of life of Penquistas children, gradually reducing the number of deaths. The historical sources on which hermeneutics was based were diverse: newspapers, scientific journals, municipal documentation and criminal files. The data provided by the sources made it possible to analyze the popular housing, medical demographics, food and child care, and the situation of health care centers. The conclusions emphasize that the provincial medical-political elite transformed the structural conditions and agents, allowing the indicators of infant mortality to improve in a slow process that only became noticeable towards the mid-1920s. © 2024 Universidad de Playa Ancha -Departamento De Historia. All rights reserved.enInfant Mortality; Pediatrics; Province of Concepción; Public HealthArtículo