Influencia del laboratorio en control y evaluaciĆ³n de hormigones
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2008
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es
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Universidad AndrƩs Bello
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Resumen
La necesidad de un criterio para la aceptaciĆ³n de los hormigones, tomando como factores su calidad y uniformidad, fue el motivo de la creaciĆ³n de la norma chilena "HormigĆ³n - EvaluaciĆ³n estadĆstica de la resistencia mecĆ”nica" (NCh1998.0f89).
De lo anterior nace, la obligaciĆ³n de especializaciĆ³n de los laboratorios de ensaye de materiales, los que mediante procesos estandarizados de muestreo, deben determinar las capacidades potenciales de aquellos hormigones. El problema surge por el poco conocimiento que, en general se tiene sobre la influencia que ejerce el nivel mostrado por un laboratorio, sobre los resultados de la evaluaciĆ³n estadĆstica; pues sĆ³lo cuando existen rechazos en la evaluaciĆ³n, se mide la magnitud de importancia de una buena muestra, ligada estrechamente, a la seriedad y compromiso del laboratorio que la confeccionĆ³, ademĆ”s de los conocimientos teĆ³ricos, que Ć©ste pueda tener sobre las variables que afecten las resistencias de aquella muestra.
De lo anterior, se deduce la importancia que los especialistas encargados de la elaboraciĆ³n de la norma de evaluaciĆ³n vigente, le asignaron a la calidad y uniformidad de los hormigones de un proyecto. La velocidad creciente con que se construye hoy en dĆa, hace fundamental el controlar la calidad de los hormigones en el corto plazo y asĆ identificar cualquier anomalĆa lo antes posible. Esto debe obligar al profesional de obra, a contar con un sistema de control de los
hormigones por medio de las resistencias mecƔnicas de las probetas ensayadas por
los laboratorios a 7 dĆas (R7).
Esta memoria presenta los principales problemas, que se puede tener sobre la
evaluaciĆ³n estadĆstica de las resistencias del hormigĆ³n, producto de problemas en
las muestras, deficiente control constante de los resultados y el poco cuidado que se
les entrega a las probetas durante el periodo de estadĆa en obra, puesto que un
inadecuado cuidado de ellas, podrĆa significar una considerable baja en su
resistencia mecƔnica. AdemƔs se describen procedimientos a seguir para evitar, o
por lo menor disminuir, estos problemas.
The necessity of a good and reliable criterion for the acceptance of concretes, taking factors like its quality and uniformity, was the reason for the creation of the Chilean norm "Concrete Statistical Evaluation Of Strenght" (NCh 1998. Of89). Of the previous paragraph, the obligation of specialization of the research laboratories of materials are born, those that by jeans of standardized processes of sampling, must determine the potential capacities of those concretes. The problem arises by the minimal knowledge that, in general, is had on the influence that exerts the level shown by a laboratory, on the results of the statistical evaluation; then only when rejections in the evƔluation exist, the magnitude of the importance of a good sample, .related is moderate closely, to the seriousness and commitment of the laboratory that made it, in addition to the theoretical knowledge, that this one can have on the variables that affect the resistance of that sample. Of the previous words, the importance is deduced that the specialists in charge of the elaboration of the norm evaluation in force, assigned to the quality and uniformity of concretes of a project. The increasing speed whereupon is constructed nowadays, made fundamental controlling the quality of concretes .in the short term and thus to identify any anomaly as quickly as possible. This promotes the obligation of the professional in charge of work, to tell on a system of control of concretes by means of the mechanical resistance of the test tubes tried by the laboratories at 7 days (R7 ). This memory presents the mains problems, that can be had on the statistical evaluation of strength, the product of anomalies in the samples, deficient constant control of the results and a little taken care of that it's given to he m to the test tubes cubes during the period of stay in work, since inadequate care of them, it might mean a considerable fall in its strength. Also, there are described procedures to follow to avoid, or by the minor to diminish these problems.
The necessity of a good and reliable criterion for the acceptance of concretes, taking factors like its quality and uniformity, was the reason for the creation of the Chilean norm "Concrete Statistical Evaluation Of Strenght" (NCh 1998. Of89). Of the previous paragraph, the obligation of specialization of the research laboratories of materials are born, those that by jeans of standardized processes of sampling, must determine the potential capacities of those concretes. The problem arises by the minimal knowledge that, in general, is had on the influence that exerts the level shown by a laboratory, on the results of the statistical evaluation; then only when rejections in the evƔluation exist, the magnitude of the importance of a good sample, .related is moderate closely, to the seriousness and commitment of the laboratory that made it, in addition to the theoretical knowledge, that this one can have on the variables that affect the resistance of that sample. Of the previous words, the importance is deduced that the specialists in charge of the elaboration of the norm evaluation in force, assigned to the quality and uniformity of concretes of a project. The increasing speed whereupon is constructed nowadays, made fundamental controlling the quality of concretes .in the short term and thus to identify any anomaly as quickly as possible. This promotes the obligation of the professional in charge of work, to tell on a system of control of concretes by means of the mechanical resistance of the test tubes tried by the laboratories at 7 days (R7 ). This memory presents the mains problems, that can be had on the statistical evaluation of strength, the product of anomalies in the samples, deficient constant control of the results and a little taken care of that it's given to he m to the test tubes cubes during the period of stay in work, since inadequate care of them, it might mean a considerable fall in its strength. Also, there are described procedures to follow to avoid, or by the minor to diminish these problems.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero en ConstrucciĆ³n)
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Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY, HormigĆ³n, Control de Calidad