Modelo estructural geotécnico del sector Lila, Candelaria Norte, Copiapó, III región de Atacama
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2018
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
El modelo estructural geotécnico es una representación de las discontinuidades presentes en el macizo rocoso, categorizadas en mayores, intermedias y menores. Las discontinuidades representan planos preferentes de debilidad que afectan el comportamiento mecánico del macizo rocoso ante excavaciones mineras, teniendo directa influencia en los análisis de mecanismos de inestabilidad controlados estructuralmente. El objetivo de este trabajo es la construcción de un modelo estructural geotécnico para el sector Lila de la mina Candelaria Norte en Copiapó. La metodología de trabajo consideró la revisión de información existente, captura de datos geotécnicos en terreno, elaboración de una base de datos de discontinuidades; procesamiento de los datos mediante modelamiento 3D de discontinuidades mayores, tratamiento estadístico de patrones estructurales (discontinuidades intermedias y menores) utilizando el software Dips y determinación de existencia de dominios estructurales. Como resultados se elaboró una base de datos de 2.805 discontinuidades intermedias y menores, se realizó una caracterización de las fallas mayores Santa Gemita, Lila y Veta Este, se determinó en el sector Lila la predominancia de discontinuidades intermedias con orientaciones NNW, NW y NS, con manteos subverticales y de bajo ángulo; y discontinuidades menores con orientaciones NNW y NS. Se determinó la existencia de 4 dominios estructurales limitados por fallas mayores, con fábricas estructurales diferentes en cada bloque estructural. Conociendo las tendencias principales y relaciones angulares de las familias de fallas intermedias se puso asociar que las discontinuidades responden a un modelo genético tipo Riedel sinistral. Además, se realizó un análisis de los potenciales mecanismos de inestabilidad mediante estereogramas y software Unwedge, identificando a partir de la orientación de galerías y discontinuidades, la formación de cuñas gravitacionales y por deslizamiento.
The geothecnical structural model is a representation of the discontinuities of rock mass, which are categorized in major, intermediate and minor. Discontinuities represents favorable weakness planes that influence the mechanical behavior of the rock mass afected by mining excavations wich have great influence on structurally controlled instability analysis. Methodology consists on the review of existing information, geotechnical data capture in field, creation of discontinuities data base; data processing through 3D modelling of major discontinuities, stadistic treatment of structural patterns of intermediate and minor discontinuities using Dips software and determinating the existence of structural domains. Results are a data base of 2.805 intermediate and minor discontinuities, the characterization of the major faults “Santa Gemita”, “Lila” and “Veta Este”. It was determinated that in Lila’s sector there’s a predominance of intermediate discontinuities with orientations NNW, NW and NS with subvertical and low dips; and minor discontinuities with orientations NNW and NS. The existence of four structural domains with different structural fabric and major faults as the boundaries of the domains were determinated. Knowing principal tendencies and angular relations of intermediate fault families of Lila’s sector, discontinuities can be associated to a sinistral Riedel model. Also, we determined the potential wedges that could take place on the roof, walls and floor of the tunnel, trought stereographic projections analysis and software Unwedge
The geothecnical structural model is a representation of the discontinuities of rock mass, which are categorized in major, intermediate and minor. Discontinuities represents favorable weakness planes that influence the mechanical behavior of the rock mass afected by mining excavations wich have great influence on structurally controlled instability analysis. Methodology consists on the review of existing information, geotechnical data capture in field, creation of discontinuities data base; data processing through 3D modelling of major discontinuities, stadistic treatment of structural patterns of intermediate and minor discontinuities using Dips software and determinating the existence of structural domains. Results are a data base of 2.805 intermediate and minor discontinuities, the characterization of the major faults “Santa Gemita”, “Lila” and “Veta Este”. It was determinated that in Lila’s sector there’s a predominance of intermediate discontinuities with orientations NNW, NW and NS with subvertical and low dips; and minor discontinuities with orientations NNW and NS. The existence of four structural domains with different structural fabric and major faults as the boundaries of the domains were determinated. Knowing principal tendencies and angular relations of intermediate fault families of Lila’s sector, discontinuities can be associated to a sinistral Riedel model. Also, we determined the potential wedges that could take place on the roof, walls and floor of the tunnel, trought stereographic projections analysis and software Unwedge
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Palabras clave
Excavaciones Subterráneas (Minería), Minas (Chile-Atacama), Mecánica de Rocas, Chile, Atacama, Mapas