Método constructivo para estructuras de contención de terreno usando el sistema de muros pantalla
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Archivos
Fecha
2004
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Los muros pantalla son una metodología constructiva que se ha impuesto en los distintos sectores de la Ingeniería. Mientras que en un principio se empleaban exclusivamente para la construcción de cortinas impermeables en el terreno, actualmente se emplean en gran número de elementos (estructuras portantes, muros de contención provisionales o definitivos, etc.) que aportan una solución a problemas que van desde la excavación de estructuras enterradas, tales como estacionamientos, paredes laterales para pasos bajo nivel, colectores, pozos, hasta la formación de elementos de impermeabilización del subsuelo en presas de materiales sueltos. Un muro pantalla se construye al ejecutar en forma alternada tramos de muro de sección rectangular o paneles mediante excavación con cucharas bajo lodos tixótropicos (normalmente bentonita). El lodo estabiliza la excavación durante el proceso constructivo. Una vez excavado el panel, se puede colocar la armadura y finalmente hormigonar en el caso de una pantalla con fines estructurales de contención de suelos. Si se trata de una pantalla de impermeabilización de suelos, se trabaja directamente con una mezcla de bentonita cemento que queda como barrera impermeable después de fraguada la mezcla. Las pantallas de contención pueden anclarse o apuntalarse de acuerdo a la conveniencia de cada proyecto.
A lo largo de los próximos capítulos se analizará los principales factores constructivos para ejecutar un muro pantalla, como también algunas consideraciones sobre su diseño. Se abordará, además, las deformaciones post constructivas y anomalías generadas por el entorno.
The diaphragm wall have been imposed in the different sectors of the Engineering. While in a principle they were used exclusively for the construction of waterproof curtains in the ground, at the moment they are used in great number of elements (structure ambles, provisional or definitive contention walls, etc.) that contribute a solution to problems that go from the excavation of buried structures, such as parkings, lateral walls for steps lower level, collectors, wells, etc., until the formation of elements of waterproofing of the underground in preys of loose materials. A diaphragm wall is built when executing in form alternate tracts of wall of rectangular section or rectangular panels by means of excavation with tablespoons, that should be displaced thixotropic mud (usually bentonite slurry). The function of slurry is stabilizes the excavation during the constructive process. Once the excavation of panel is complete, you can place the steel reinforcement and finally to place concrete, in the case of a diaphragm wall with structural ends of contention of ground. If it's a diaphragm wall of impermeabilización of ground, one works directly with a bentonitecement mixture that is as waterproof barrier after having hardened the mixture. The diaphragm walls can be anchored or to be bolstered according to the convenience of each project. Along the next chapters it will be analyzed the main constructive factors to execute a diaphragm wall, as well as some considerations on their design. It will be approached, also the deformations post constructive and anomalies generated by the environment.
The diaphragm wall have been imposed in the different sectors of the Engineering. While in a principle they were used exclusively for the construction of waterproof curtains in the ground, at the moment they are used in great number of elements (structure ambles, provisional or definitive contention walls, etc.) that contribute a solution to problems that go from the excavation of buried structures, such as parkings, lateral walls for steps lower level, collectors, wells, etc., until the formation of elements of waterproofing of the underground in preys of loose materials. A diaphragm wall is built when executing in form alternate tracts of wall of rectangular section or rectangular panels by means of excavation with tablespoons, that should be displaced thixotropic mud (usually bentonite slurry). The function of slurry is stabilizes the excavation during the constructive process. Once the excavation of panel is complete, you can place the steel reinforcement and finally to place concrete, in the case of a diaphragm wall with structural ends of contention of ground. If it's a diaphragm wall of impermeabilización of ground, one works directly with a bentonitecement mixture that is as waterproof barrier after having hardened the mixture. The diaphragm walls can be anchored or to be bolstered according to the convenience of each project. Along the next chapters it will be analyzed the main constructive factors to execute a diaphragm wall, as well as some considerations on their design. It will be approached, also the deformations post constructive and anomalies generated by the environment.
Notas
Tesis (Constructor Civil)
Palabras clave
Muros de Contención, Manuales