Calidad de vida en pacientes rehabilitados con prótesis dental total, Universidad Andrés Bello, facultad de Odontología sede Concepción, año 2014-2015
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2015
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Facultad/escuela
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
Antecedentes: La ausencia de piezas dentarias es un factor importante en el deterioro de la calidad de vida de los pacientes, ya que ésta se ve afectada no sólo desde el punto de vista funcional y físico, sino también, emocional y social. Existen programas de rehabilitación que por medio de la inserción de prótesis dental total, buscan mejorarla. Por lo que es importante estudios que evalúen el cumplimiento de este objetivo. Justificación: Evaluar la calidad de vida con instrumentos válidos y confiables en pacientes rehabilitados con prótesis total, se fundamentó por la necesidad de valorar si el tratamiento cumplía el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de vida en los pacientes. Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de vida en pacientes rehabilitados con Prótesis dental total en Universidad Andrés Bello, Facultad de Odontología sede Concepción, año 2014-2015. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, cuyo diseño fue de tipo observacional: transversal, analítico; en pacientes con prótesis dental total, tratados en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Andrés Bello, sede concepción. La muestra no probabilística intencionada estuvo constituida por 27 pacientes seleccionados según criterios de inclusión y exclusión, y que consintieron informadamente participar en el estudio. Se aplicó la escala de calidad de vida PECVEC, cuya validación mediante el alfa de crombach fue con valor mayor a 070, evaluando su calidad de vida pre y post inserción de prótesis. Los análisis estadísticos fueron analizados con el software estadístico Spss 2.0. Se evaluó normalidad en la distribución de las variables y de acuerdo a la presencia de esta, se aplicó el test t Student con la finalidad de dosimar diferencias promedios.
Resultados: Fueron analizadas las tres áreas de la calidad de vida, física, social y emocional. Los resultados demostraron que ésta mejoró ostensiblemente en cada área, después de la inserción de prótesis dental total (p:). Se demostró que las tres dimensiones estudiadas, influyen considerablemente en la calidad de vida integral.
Conclusión: Se aceptó la hipótesis de que el tratamiento de rehabilitación con prótesis dental total, mejora la calidad de vida de los pacientes.
Background: The absence of teeth is an important factor in a patient´s quality of life, because it is not only affected from the physical and functional point of view but also socially and emotionally. There are rehab programs that through complete denture replacement that try to make it better. Justification: Evaluate life quality with valid and trustworthy instruments in patients who have received complete denture is based on valuing the treatment completing the objective and making the patients quality of life better. Purpose: Determine the quality of life in patients rehabilitated with Complete denture in University Andres Bello, Faculty of Dentistry headquarters Concepción, 2014-2015. Material and Methods: Quantitative study, whose design is observational: transversal, analytical; in patients with Complete denture, treated at the Faculty of Dentistry at the University Andres Bello, Concepción headquarter. No probabilistic intentional sample consisted of 27 patients selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and that an informed consented to participate in the study. The scale of quality of life PECVEC, whose validation by Cronbach's alpha was more value to 070, evaluating their quality of life before and after stent insertion was applied. Statistical analyzes were analyzed using SPSS 2.0 statistical software. Normally distributed variables and according to the presence of this were evaluated with Student's t test in order to estimate differences applied averages Results: Were analyzed the 3 areas of quality of life, physical, social and emotional. The results showed that it was significantly improved in each area, after insertion of complete dentures. It showed that the three dimensions studied, greatly influence the quality of life of patients who were rehabilitated, so that the results showed an improvement in this comprehensively. Conclution: The hypothesis that the rehabilitation treatment with complete dentures, improves the quality of life of patients was accepted.
Background: The absence of teeth is an important factor in a patient´s quality of life, because it is not only affected from the physical and functional point of view but also socially and emotionally. There are rehab programs that through complete denture replacement that try to make it better. Justification: Evaluate life quality with valid and trustworthy instruments in patients who have received complete denture is based on valuing the treatment completing the objective and making the patients quality of life better. Purpose: Determine the quality of life in patients rehabilitated with Complete denture in University Andres Bello, Faculty of Dentistry headquarters Concepción, 2014-2015. Material and Methods: Quantitative study, whose design is observational: transversal, analytical; in patients with Complete denture, treated at the Faculty of Dentistry at the University Andres Bello, Concepción headquarter. No probabilistic intentional sample consisted of 27 patients selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and that an informed consented to participate in the study. The scale of quality of life PECVEC, whose validation by Cronbach's alpha was more value to 070, evaluating their quality of life before and after stent insertion was applied. Statistical analyzes were analyzed using SPSS 2.0 statistical software. Normally distributed variables and according to the presence of this were evaluated with Student's t test in order to estimate differences applied averages Results: Were analyzed the 3 areas of quality of life, physical, social and emotional. The results showed that it was significantly improved in each area, after insertion of complete dentures. It showed that the three dimensions studied, greatly influence the quality of life of patients who were rehabilitated, so that the results showed an improvement in this comprehensively. Conclution: The hypothesis that the rehabilitation treatment with complete dentures, improves the quality of life of patients was accepted.
Notas
Tesis (Cirujano Dentista, Grado de Magíster en Ciencias Odontológicas)
Palabras clave
Calidad de vida, Prótesis dental total