Optimización del sistema de distribución y entrega de dióxido de carbono para cultivo intensivo de microalgas
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Archivos
Fecha
2003
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Las microalgas constituyen la base de la trama trófica en ambientes
acuáticos. Como tal, su utilización en maricultura es fundamental,
especialmente durante la etapa de hatchery de diferentes cultivos,
especialmente de invertebrados como el Ostión del Norte (Argopecten
purpuratus Lamarck, 1819).
La tecnología de cultivo de fitoplancton marino se encuentra
extensamente desarrollada. Sin embargo, cualquier estudio orientado a la
optimización de la producción de microalgas constituye un aporte sustancial
al desarrollo de la Acuicultura.
El objetivo general de esta tesis consiste en optimizar la producción de
microalgas, a través de la revisión, corrección e innovación del sistema de
entrega de mezcla de aire y dióxido de carbono (C02)a las unidades de
cultivo de las microalgas lsochrysis galbana clon T-ISO, Chaetoceros
calcitrans y Chaetoceros graci/is. Esta investigación se realizó en la empresa
CULTIVOS MARINOS INTERNACIONALES, pionera y líder en la producción
de Ostión del Norte en Chile.
Se examinó la entrega de C02 a la red de aire, diagnosticándose baja
eficiencia en este sistema, por lo que fue necesario realizar modificaciones
para su mejor funcionamiento. De este modo se logró corregir y optimizar la
entrega de C02 a la red de aire, regularizando el sistema de distribución del gas a las unidades de cultivo. Esto produjo un aumento significativo de la
densidad celular y una disminución del período de cultivo.
También se diseño, construyó e implementó un dispositivo de
inyección que permitió disminuir el tamaño de la burbuja de aireación,
evaluando posteriormente su desempeño sobre la captación de co2 gaseoso
por las microalgas. Esta evaluación se realizó mediante el registro de la
densidad celular y el control de los parámetros físicos y químicos, en las
diferentes etapas de cultivo. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron mediante el
test de contraste no paramétrico de Mann - Withney, a modo de determinar
la .existencia de diferencias entre los dos tratamientos. Se observó un
aumento en el número de burbujas y una reducción en su tamaño,
permitiendo mejorar la agitación del medio de cultivo. Sin embargo, no se
observaron diferencias significativas en cuanto a las densidades celulares
correspondientes a entre las unidades de cultivo equipadas con el dispositivo
de inyección y las unidades de cultivo estándar.
Nota: resumen extraído de un programa de reconocimiento de texto, fórmulas pueden contener inexactitudes, consulte el texto original.
The microalgae are the base of the trophic plot in aquatic environments. As such, its utilization is fundamental in Mariculture, especially during the phase of hatchery of different cultivations, especially of invertebrates as the northern Scallop (Argopecten purpuratus Lamarck, 1819). The technology of marine phytoplankton cultivation is extensively developed. Nevertheless, any study oriented to the optimisation of the production of microalgae constitutes a substantial contribution to the aquaculture development. The objective of this thesis is to optimise the microalgae production, through the revision, correction and innovation of carbon dioxide (C02) delivery system to the units of microalgae cultivation (lsochrysis galbana clone T-ISO, Chaetoceros calcitrans and Chaetoceros gracilis). This research was developed at the company CULTIVOS MARINOS INTERNACIONALES, pioneer and leader producer of Northern Scallop in Chile. The delivery of C02 to the a ir network was examinated, being diagnosed low efficiency in this system, for which was necessary to carry out modifications for its better operation. In this way managed to correct and to optimise the delivery of C02 to the network of air, normalizing the system of distribution of the gas to the cultivation units. This result became in a significant increase of the cell density and a decrease of the cultivation period. A device of injection was also designed, builted and implemented, decreasing the size of the aeration bubble. Subsequently its performance was evaluated on the collecting of gaseous C02 by the microalgae. This evaluation was made trough the registration of cell density and control of chemical and physical parameters, in different cultivation phases. As result, the C02 delivery to the air network was not efficient enough, being necessary to carry out modifications for its better operation. The data obtained from the experiment were analyzed by not - parametric Mann - Withney contrast test, as a way to find differences among two processes. A reduction in the bubble size and greater in number was observed, improving the agitation on the cultivation. Nevertheless, there were not significant differences among cultivation units equipped with the injection device with standard cultivation units.
The microalgae are the base of the trophic plot in aquatic environments. As such, its utilization is fundamental in Mariculture, especially during the phase of hatchery of different cultivations, especially of invertebrates as the northern Scallop (Argopecten purpuratus Lamarck, 1819). The technology of marine phytoplankton cultivation is extensively developed. Nevertheless, any study oriented to the optimisation of the production of microalgae constitutes a substantial contribution to the aquaculture development. The objective of this thesis is to optimise the microalgae production, through the revision, correction and innovation of carbon dioxide (C02) delivery system to the units of microalgae cultivation (lsochrysis galbana clone T-ISO, Chaetoceros calcitrans and Chaetoceros gracilis). This research was developed at the company CULTIVOS MARINOS INTERNACIONALES, pioneer and leader producer of Northern Scallop in Chile. The delivery of C02 to the a ir network was examinated, being diagnosed low efficiency in this system, for which was necessary to carry out modifications for its better operation. In this way managed to correct and to optimise the delivery of C02 to the network of air, normalizing the system of distribution of the gas to the cultivation units. This result became in a significant increase of the cell density and a decrease of the cultivation period. A device of injection was also designed, builted and implemented, decreasing the size of the aeration bubble. Subsequently its performance was evaluated on the collecting of gaseous C02 by the microalgae. This evaluation was made trough the registration of cell density and control of chemical and physical parameters, in different cultivation phases. As result, the C02 delivery to the air network was not efficient enough, being necessary to carry out modifications for its better operation. The data obtained from the experiment were analyzed by not - parametric Mann - Withney contrast test, as a way to find differences among two processes. A reduction in the bubble size and greater in number was observed, improving the agitation on the cultivation. Nevertheless, there were not significant differences among cultivation units equipped with the injection device with standard cultivation units.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero en Acuicultura)
Palabras clave
Microalgas, Producción