Instructivo para el montaje y servicio de elevadores para edificios en altura
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Archivos
Fecha
2016
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En nuestros días tenemos distintos tipos de ascensores: eléctrico, hidráulico, electromagnético y neumático. Desde la antigüedad se recorrió un camino largo partiendo con la polea, polea compuesta, una grúa móvil con cuñas. Otis instaló su primer ascensor hidráulico, una cabina con trinquetes. En 1889 se creó el primer ascensor con un motor de corriente continua y pulsador automático, con el sistema Ward Leonard (motor – generador – motor), llegando a la actualidad con la existencia de un sistema automático de dispositivos electrónicos donde el ascensor puede programar maniobras.
Con los avances tecnológicos y siendo el ascensor el dispositivo más utilizado en transporte vertical nos llevó a crear normas para regularizar su instalación, mantención y utilización, aumentando la seguridad para los usuarios. Las normas establecen los requisitos que toda empresa debe cumplir en el funcionamiento de un ascensor, requisitos de seguridad e instalación, procedimientos de inspección y ensayos, disposiciones de instalación, mantención e inspección periódica, exigencias para minusválidos, certificación, regularización de instaladores, mantenedores y certificadores.
Las constructoras, inmobiliarias y todos los involucrados, desde el fabricante hasta los usuarios deben estar al tanto de toda la información y requisitos que involucran el comprar, contratar, instalar y usar un ascensor. Por lo que en el siguiente documento se analizan las distintas variables que influyen en el proceso de funcionamiento de un ascensor, tanto en la parte técnica como en los factores externos.
Nowadays, we have several types of elevators: electric, hydraulic, electromagnetic and pneumatic ones. From the beginning, a long path has been transited, starting with the pulley, composite pulley, and the mobile crane. During the 19th century, Otis installed their first hydraulic elevator: a cabin with safety brakes. In 1889, it was created the first direct-connected geared elevator in the world, with the Ward Leonard Control System (motor -generator - motor), reaching today with the existence of an electronic devices automatic system, where the elevator can perform maneuvers. With technological advances, and being the elevator the most used vertical transport device, we needed to create rules to regularize their installation, maintenance and use, thus increasing safety for all users. Regulation establish current requirements that every company must follow, in areas such as: elevator functioning, safety and installation requirements, inspection and rehearsal procedures, installation dispositions, periodic maintenance and inspection, demands for handicapped people, certifications, and regularization of people in charge of installations, maintenance and certifications. Builders, real state agencies, and everyone involved, from the producer until the user, must be conscious about all the information and requirements that involve buying, hiring, installing and using an elevator. Therefore, in the following document are analyzed the different variables that affect the functioning process of an elevator, both in the technical and external factors.
Nowadays, we have several types of elevators: electric, hydraulic, electromagnetic and pneumatic ones. From the beginning, a long path has been transited, starting with the pulley, composite pulley, and the mobile crane. During the 19th century, Otis installed their first hydraulic elevator: a cabin with safety brakes. In 1889, it was created the first direct-connected geared elevator in the world, with the Ward Leonard Control System (motor -generator - motor), reaching today with the existence of an electronic devices automatic system, where the elevator can perform maneuvers. With technological advances, and being the elevator the most used vertical transport device, we needed to create rules to regularize their installation, maintenance and use, thus increasing safety for all users. Regulation establish current requirements that every company must follow, in areas such as: elevator functioning, safety and installation requirements, inspection and rehearsal procedures, installation dispositions, periodic maintenance and inspection, demands for handicapped people, certifications, and regularization of people in charge of installations, maintenance and certifications. Builders, real state agencies, and everyone involved, from the producer until the user, must be conscious about all the information and requirements that involve buying, hiring, installing and using an elevator. Therefore, in the following document are analyzed the different variables that affect the functioning process of an elevator, both in the technical and external factors.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero Constructor)
Palabras clave
Ascensores, Chile, Manuales, Normas