Componente de interacción binaural en estudiantes pertenecientes a la Universidad de Valparaíso, campus San Felipe
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Archivos
Fecha
2014
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Las alteraciones del procesamiento auditivo central (PAC) tienen consecuencias importantes en la comunicación y el aprendizaje, por lo que el diagnóstico objetivo de éstas cobra vital importancia. Por ello, resulta relevante describir el componente de interacción binaural (CIB) para aportar a la utilidad clínica, ya que éste refleja la fusión binaural. Dicha integración, es una importante función del sistema auditivo, posible gracias a la recepción del sonido por parte de ambos oídos, que permite, a su vez, seguir conversaciones en ambientes ruidosos y localizar la fuente sonora.
La presente investigación tiene por objetivo describir el CIB en estudiantes normoyentes de 18 a 24 años de edad, pertenecientes a la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Valparaíso, Campus San Felipe. Los veintisiete sujetos que conforman la muestra, cumplen con los criterios de inclusión establecidos. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo, observacional y de corte transversal. El muestreo corresponde al tipo no probabilístico.
Los resultados del estudio indican que es posible encontrar CIB en la totalidad de los sujetos evaluados a una tasa de presentación de 21.1 clicks/seg y en un alto porcentaje de los sujetos a 39.1 clicks/seg. A su vez, es posible determinar diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la latencia del CIB en función de la tasa de estimulación. Sin embargo, al realizar el mismo análisis con la amplitud del CIB, las diferencias encontradas a ambas tasas de estimulación, no alcanzan valores estadísticamente significativos.
Según los resultados obtenidos, es posible concluir que éstos concuerdan con la literatura encontrada, tanto para la presencia como para el comportamiento de la latencia y amplitud del CIB. Lo anterior, posibilita realizar proyecciones a estudios posteriores que permitan utilizar el CIB como herramienta objetiva de evaluación, al establecer una norma chilena y realizar estudios comparativos en sujetos con diferentes patologías. Además, resulta interesante evaluar pre y post tratamiento de déficit en el PAC, con el fin de obtener mediciones objetivas de los resultados de la terapia.
It is currently known that central auditory processing disorders (CAP) have implications in communication and learning skills, reason for which its objective diagnosis is vitally important. Therefore, the study of the binaural interaction component (BIC), which reflects binaural fusion, as a possible clinical tool is relevant. This interaction, an important function of the auditory system, is possible due to the reception of sound by both ears, and enables conversations in noisy surroundings and the localization of the sound source. The purpose of this study is to describe the BIC in normal hearing adults, between the ages of 18 and 24 years who study in the Universidad de Valparaíso, San Felipe Campus. Twenty seven subjects, who all met our inclusion criteria, were recruited for this study. The investigation is quantitative, descriptive and observational. A non-probabilistic model was employed. The results of this study indicate that BIC was present in all test subjects, when evaluated with a rate of 21.1 clicks per second, and in most students, when evaluated with a 39.1 clicks per second rate. At the same time, statistically significant differences were observed when comparing the latency of the BIC obtained at different rates of stimulation. Also, differences were apparent when comparing the amplitude of the BIC, though these were not statistically significant. Based on the results, it is possible to conclude that these are in agreement with previous international studies with regards to the presence of BIC, as well as latency and amplitude findings. This supports projections for future investigations of BIC that may enable its clinical use by establishing a Chilean norm and the comparison with subjects with various pathologies. It would also be interesting to evaluate patients in treatment for CAP deficits, and so gain objective data as to therapy results.
It is currently known that central auditory processing disorders (CAP) have implications in communication and learning skills, reason for which its objective diagnosis is vitally important. Therefore, the study of the binaural interaction component (BIC), which reflects binaural fusion, as a possible clinical tool is relevant. This interaction, an important function of the auditory system, is possible due to the reception of sound by both ears, and enables conversations in noisy surroundings and the localization of the sound source. The purpose of this study is to describe the BIC in normal hearing adults, between the ages of 18 and 24 years who study in the Universidad de Valparaíso, San Felipe Campus. Twenty seven subjects, who all met our inclusion criteria, were recruited for this study. The investigation is quantitative, descriptive and observational. A non-probabilistic model was employed. The results of this study indicate that BIC was present in all test subjects, when evaluated with a rate of 21.1 clicks per second, and in most students, when evaluated with a 39.1 clicks per second rate. At the same time, statistically significant differences were observed when comparing the latency of the BIC obtained at different rates of stimulation. Also, differences were apparent when comparing the amplitude of the BIC, though these were not statistically significant. Based on the results, it is possible to conclude that these are in agreement with previous international studies with regards to the presence of BIC, as well as latency and amplitude findings. This supports projections for future investigations of BIC that may enable its clinical use by establishing a Chilean norm and the comparison with subjects with various pathologies. It would also be interesting to evaluate patients in treatment for CAP deficits, and so gain objective data as to therapy results.
Notas
Tesis (Magíster en Audiología)
Palabras clave
Audiología, Chile, Región de Valparaíso