Capacidad Olfatoria en pacientes laringectomizados en población chilena entre 45 y 75 años en el servicio ORL del hospital Barros Luco Trudeau
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Fecha
2016
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Determinar la capacidad olfatoria en pacientes laringectomizados totales sin
flujo aéreo nasal y con flujo aéreo nasal.
Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de manera transversal en una
población de 10 pacientes laringectomizados totales en el Hospital Barros Luce Trudeau,
8 hombres y 2 mujeres. Luego de comprobar la indemnidad anatómica a través de una
nasofibroscopia, los pacientes fueron sometidos a una evaluación, donde se midió la
capacidad olfatoria con la aplicación de los aromas: pescado, plátano y menta, los cuales
fueron los más percibidos por la población chilena según estudio efectuado el año 2002
por la revista médica de Chile. En la evaluación, estos aromas debían ser percibidos por la
narina izquierda y la narina derecha, primero sin flujo aéreo nasal y luego con flujo aéreo
nasal mediante un bypass laríngeo consignando la percepción e identificación de los
aromas a través de un instrumento de registro de datos.
Resultados: De los 10 pacientes laringectomizados totales evaluados, se obtuvo que 5/1 O
pacientes no lograban percibir los aromas y 7/10 pacientes no lograban identificar los
aromas, al colocar el bypass laríngeo estos resultados cambiaron de manera significativa
evidenciándose que solo 1/10 pacientes no logró percibir ningún aroma y 4/10 pacientes
no logró identificar ningún aroma.
Conclusiones: Como consecuencia de una laringectomía total se presentan de manera
significativa alteraciones en la capacidad olfatoria, tanto de percepción como identificación
de los aromas debido a que no existe flujo aéreo a través de la cavidad nasal, es por esto
que al existir una inducción del flujo aéreo nasal se observa una mejora a nivel de la
capacidad olfatoria evidenciándose tanto en la percepción como en la identificación de
aromas.
The aim of this study was te determine the olfactory capacity in total laryngectomized patients with or without nasal airflow. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptiva study was carried out in a population of 1 O total laryngectomized patients (8 men and 2 women) at Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau. After verifying the anatomical indemnity through nasofibroscopy, the olfactory ability of patients was evaluated by the application of aromas: fish, banana and mint. In the evaluation, these aromas had to be perceived by the left nostril and right nostril without nasal airflow first and then with nasal airflow through a laryngeal bypass. The perception and identification of the aromas were recordad through a data recording instrument. Results: from 1 O total laryngectomized patients we observe that 5/10 patients were unable te perceive the odors and 7/10 patients didn't identify the aromas. When the laryngeal bypass was placed, these results changed significantly, leaving as evidence that only 1/10 patients didn't perceive any odor and 4/1 O patients didn't identify any aroma. Conclusions: As a consequence of a totallaryngectomy there are significant alterations in the olfactory capacity such as perception and identification of the aromas because there is no air flow through the nasal cavity. For these reason when there is an induction of nasal airflow, there is an improvement in olfactory capacity which is evidenced in the perception and in the identification of the aromas.
The aim of this study was te determine the olfactory capacity in total laryngectomized patients with or without nasal airflow. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptiva study was carried out in a population of 1 O total laryngectomized patients (8 men and 2 women) at Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau. After verifying the anatomical indemnity through nasofibroscopy, the olfactory ability of patients was evaluated by the application of aromas: fish, banana and mint. In the evaluation, these aromas had to be perceived by the left nostril and right nostril without nasal airflow first and then with nasal airflow through a laryngeal bypass. The perception and identification of the aromas were recordad through a data recording instrument. Results: from 1 O total laryngectomized patients we observe that 5/10 patients were unable te perceive the odors and 7/10 patients didn't identify the aromas. When the laryngeal bypass was placed, these results changed significantly, leaving as evidence that only 1/10 patients didn't perceive any odor and 4/1 O patients didn't identify any aroma. Conclusions: As a consequence of a totallaryngectomy there are significant alterations in the olfactory capacity such as perception and identification of the aromas because there is no air flow through the nasal cavity. For these reason when there is an induction of nasal airflow, there is an improvement in olfactory capacity which is evidenced in the perception and in the identification of the aromas.
Notas
Tesis (Fonoaudiología)
Palabras clave
Olfato, Laringectomía, Capacidad olfatoria, Pruebas, Región Metropolitana, Chile