La configuración sociocultural de la telemedicina: estudio de casos en la ciudad de Valparaíso y Viña del Mar
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2018
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
Este trabajo de investigación indaga sobre los procesos de implementación y
normalización de dos tecnologías de telemedicina, y sobre sus efectos en las
relaciones que establecen los actores involucrados. Para ello analiza dos casos
de estudio en la región de Valparaíso, en particular un caso de teledermatología
y otro de telecardiología, de reciente emergencia. De esta manera, el proyecto
de tesis se enmarca en el proyecto Fondecyt “Telemedicina, Controversia y
Cambio Social en Chile” (N°11150918), contribuyendo con una observación
exploratoria de nuevos casos de estudios.
Este estudio desarrolló el complemento de un enfoque etnográfico y análisis de
discurso. Incluyó la realización de observaciones etnográficas y la aplicación de
siete entrevistas a actores situados en los distintos programas de telemedicina.
De esta manera, se observa una importancia en la construcción del mundo
social, de manera de dar justificación al desarrollo de las tecnologías de
telemedicina. Del mismo modo, el desarrollo de tecnologías de telemedicina en
conjunto a actores del área de la salud, desarrollaron modos validados con
anticipación a la implementación, de conocimiento remoto del cuerpo humano y
sus dolencias.
Junto a ello, los programas de telemedicina expresan una clara invisibilización
de estructuras normativas, como marcos de acciones válidas de respuestas
ante situaciones que se presentan tras la atención médica. Por último, durante
el desarrollo de la investigación, es posible observar un conocimiento claro
respecto a la generación de nuevos roles sociales como consecuencia de la
implementación de tecnologías de telemedicina.
This research work investigates the processes of implementation and normalization of two technologies of telemedicine, and its effects on the relationships established by the actors involved. To this end, it analyses two cases of study in the region of Valparaíso, in special a case of teledermatology and another of telecardiology, of recent emergence. In this way, the project is complementary to the main studies of the Project Fondecyt “Telemedicina, Controversia y Cambio Social en Chile” (N°11150918), by contributing with an exploratory observation, and necessarily more limited, of new cases of studies. This study developed the complement of an ethnographic approach and discourse analysis. It included the realization of ethnographic observations and the application of seven interviews to actors located in the different telemedicine programs. In this way, there is an importance in the construction of the social world, in order to give justification to the development of telemedicine technologies. In the same way, the development of telemedicine technologies together with actors in the area of health, developed modes validated in advance of the implementation, of remote knowledge of the human body and its ailments. Next to that, telemedicine programs express a clear invisibilization of normative structures, as frameworks of valid actions of responses to situations that arise after medical care. Finally, during the development of the research, it is possible to observe a clear knowledge regarding the generation of new social roles as a result of the implementation of telemedicine technologies.
This research work investigates the processes of implementation and normalization of two technologies of telemedicine, and its effects on the relationships established by the actors involved. To this end, it analyses two cases of study in the region of Valparaíso, in special a case of teledermatology and another of telecardiology, of recent emergence. In this way, the project is complementary to the main studies of the Project Fondecyt “Telemedicina, Controversia y Cambio Social en Chile” (N°11150918), by contributing with an exploratory observation, and necessarily more limited, of new cases of studies. This study developed the complement of an ethnographic approach and discourse analysis. It included the realization of ethnographic observations and the application of seven interviews to actors located in the different telemedicine programs. In this way, there is an importance in the construction of the social world, in order to give justification to the development of telemedicine technologies. In the same way, the development of telemedicine technologies together with actors in the area of health, developed modes validated in advance of the implementation, of remote knowledge of the human body and its ailments. Next to that, telemedicine programs express a clear invisibilization of normative structures, as frameworks of valid actions of responses to situations that arise after medical care. Finally, during the development of the research, it is possible to observe a clear knowledge regarding the generation of new social roles as a result of the implementation of telemedicine technologies.
Notas
Tesis (Sociólogo)
Palabras clave
Telemedicina, Aspectos Sociales, Aspectos Culturales, Chile, Viña del Mar, Valparaíso, Estudio de Casos