Evaluación de tres antifúngicos para el control de "Saprolegnia parasítica" en ovas de trucha arcoiris, oncorhynchus mykiss
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Fecha
2002
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Se evaluó tratamientos con verde de malaquita a 2 mg/lt, formalina 250 mg/lt y bronopol en
concentraciones de 30, 50 y 100 mg/lt, frente a un grupo control, con la fmalidad de determinar su
eficacia como agentes inhibidores del crecimiento fúngico en ovas de trucha arcoiris (Onchorhynchus
mykiss). La experiencia fue realizada en la piscicultura Huililco, Pucón, Chile, Donde se trabajó con
ovas de trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss), producidas por hembras durante su segundo desove.
Al fmal de la experiencia se comparó la mortalidad total, la mortalidad atribuida a hongos y la
sobrevivencia de los diferentes grupos.
Los tratamientos se aplicaron por medio de flujo continuo, todos los días desde las 70 UTA
hasta el shocking ( 180 UTA), con un tiempo de duración de 30 minutos.
El bronopol 100 mg/lt resultó ser el tratamiento más eficaz, presentando la menor mortalidad
total con un 2.86%, y la menor mortalidad atribuida a hongos con un 2.29%. Fue seguido muy de cerca
por el tratamiento de verde de malaquita con mortalidades de 3.99% y 3.41% respectivamente.
La formalina también presentó control sobre el crecimiento de Saprolegnia, pero en menor
grado que el bronopol y el verde de malaquita, resultando mortalidades de 12.82% total y 12.25%
atribuida a hongos.
El tratamiento control, sin antifúngico, en cambio, resultó una elevada mortalidad alcanzando a
un 76.31% la mortalidad total y a un 70.54% la mortalidad atribuida a Saprolegnia.
Es posible concluir que el bronopol es un agente antimicótico eficaz para el control de
Saprolegnia en ovas de trucha arcoiris, al igual que el verde de malaquita y la formalina, sin embargo, el
bronopol tiene la ventaja de no ser tóxico para humanos y peces,, además de no dañar el medio ambiente.
Treatments were evaluated specifically with malachite green at 2 mg/lt, formaline at 250 mg/lt and bronopol at different concentrations 30, 50 and 100 mg/lt, all against a control group, in order to determine their efficiency as a fungical growing suppressor in eggs of rainbow trout. The experience took place at the "Huililco" aquaculture center in Pucón; Chile. The test was performed using eggs of rainbow trout produced by females during their second spawning. At the end of the experience we compared total mortality, mortality rate attributed to fungus, and the survival ofthe different groups. Treatments were applied by a continuum flow method, every day ranging from 70 UTA, until shocking (180 UTA), with a 30 minutes elapse time. Bronopol, at a concentration of 100 mg/lt, proved to be the most effective treatment showing the lower total mortality with a 2.86%, and lower mortality attributed to fungus with a 2.29%. It was closely followed by the malachite green treatment, which showed mortalities of3.99% & 3.41% respectibly. Formaline also presented control over saprolegnia growing, but in a lesser grade than bronopol & malachite green, showing mortalities of 12.82% total & 12.25% attributed to Saprolegnia. The control group, without any antigungic, instead, showed a high mortality, reaching at a 76.31% for the total mortality anda 70.54% for the fungic attributed mortality. Its reliable to conclude, that bronopol is an effective anti-micotic agent against saprolegnia on eggs of rainbow trout, such as malachite green & formaline, but with the advantage of not being toxic to human, fishes and the environment.
Treatments were evaluated specifically with malachite green at 2 mg/lt, formaline at 250 mg/lt and bronopol at different concentrations 30, 50 and 100 mg/lt, all against a control group, in order to determine their efficiency as a fungical growing suppressor in eggs of rainbow trout. The experience took place at the "Huililco" aquaculture center in Pucón; Chile. The test was performed using eggs of rainbow trout produced by females during their second spawning. At the end of the experience we compared total mortality, mortality rate attributed to fungus, and the survival ofthe different groups. Treatments were applied by a continuum flow method, every day ranging from 70 UTA, until shocking (180 UTA), with a 30 minutes elapse time. Bronopol, at a concentration of 100 mg/lt, proved to be the most effective treatment showing the lower total mortality with a 2.86%, and lower mortality attributed to fungus with a 2.29%. It was closely followed by the malachite green treatment, which showed mortalities of3.99% & 3.41% respectibly. Formaline also presented control over saprolegnia growing, but in a lesser grade than bronopol & malachite green, showing mortalities of 12.82% total & 12.25% attributed to Saprolegnia. The control group, without any antigungic, instead, showed a high mortality, reaching at a 76.31% for the total mortality anda 70.54% for the fungic attributed mortality. Its reliable to conclude, that bronopol is an effective anti-micotic agent against saprolegnia on eggs of rainbow trout, such as malachite green & formaline, but with the advantage of not being toxic to human, fishes and the environment.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero en Acuicultura)
Palabras clave
Trucha arcoiris, Antifungicos, Enfermedades