Examinando por Autor "Achiardi, Oscar"

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    Enhanced attention and memory in slackline practitioners: a descriptive study
    (Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica, 2023) Plaza, Paula; Bustamante, Paula; Ramírez, Valentina; Ghiorzi, Ricardo; Concha, Paula; Achiardi, Oscar
    Introduction: It has been shown that the practice of slackline, a sports discipline that consists of balancing on a rope anchored between two fixed points, not only can improve motor aspects such as body balance and postural control, but also cognitive aspects such as spatial orientation. Here we wonder whether the practice of slackline is related to other cognitive functions such as attention and/or memory. Materials and methods: Slackline practitioners were invited to take the Toulouse-Pieron test to assess attention and the Benton test to assess visual memory. The same tests were applied to a control group composed of people of the same age and with the same educational level. Results: 14 slackline practitioners, mean age 23.7 ± 4.1 years, and 14 controls, mean age 23.5 ± 3.5 years, participated in the study. When comparing the groups, we observed differences of 20% in the memory score (p<0.001) and 30 points in the attention test (p=0.031) in favor of the slackline group. In addition, a high direct correlation was observed between years of slackline practice and attention (r = 0.710), and a moderate direct correlation between years of slackline practice and visuospatial memory (r = 0.332). Conclusion: These findings allow us to suggest practice of slackline is related to enhanced attention and memory and may represent a prophylactic alternative to generate functional reserves or to treat cognitive disorders such as ADHD. © 2023 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved.
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    Intensive care unit-acquired weakness: a review from molecular mechanisms to its impact in COVID-2019
    (Page Press Publications, 2022-09) González, Andrea; Abrigo, Johanna; Achiardi, Oscar; Simon, Felipe; Cabello-Verrugio, Claudio
    Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness (ICU-AW) is a generalized and symmetric neuromuscular dysfunction associated with critical illness and its treatments. Its incidence is approximately 80% in intensive care unit patients, and it manifests as critical illness polyneuropathy, critical illness myopathy, and muscle atrophy. Intensive care unit patients can lose an elevated percentage of their muscle mass in the first days after admission, producing short- and long-term sequelae that affect patients’ quality of life, physical health, and mental health. In 2019, the world was faced with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. COVID-19 produces severe respiratory disorders, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, which increases the risk of developing ICU-AW. COVID-19 patients treated in intensive care units have shown early diffuse and symmetrical muscle weakness, polyneuropathy, and myalgia, coinciding with the clinical presentation of ICU-AW. Besides, these patients require prolonged intensive care unit stays, invasive mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit pharmacological therapy, which are risk factors for ICU-AW. Thus, the purposes of this review are to discuss the features of ICU-AW and its effects on skeletal muscle. Further, we will describe the mechanisms involved in the probable development of ICU-AW in severe COVID-19 patients.