Examinando por Autor "Aedo, Jorge"

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    Differential metabolic and transcriptional responses of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) administered with cortisol or cortisol-BSA
    (MDPI, 2021-11) Aedo, Jorge; Aravena-Canales, Daniela; Ruiz-Jarabo, Ignacio; Oyarzún, Ricardo; Molina, Alfredo; Martínez-Rodríguez, Gonzalo; Valdés, Juan Antonio; Mancera, Juan Miguel
    Cortisol is the main glucocorticoid hormone promoting compensatory metabolic responses of stress in teleosts. This hormone acts through genomic and membrane-initiated actions to exert its functions inside the cell. Experimental approaches, using exogenous cortisol administration, confirm the role of this hormone during short (minutes to hours)-and long-term (days to weeks) responses to stress. The role of membrane-initiated cortisol signaling during long-term responses has been recently explored. In this study, Sparus aurata were intraperitoneally injected with coconut oil alone or coconut oil containing cortisol, cortisol-BSA, or BSA. After 3 days of treatment, plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle were extracted. Plasma cortisol, as well as metabolic indicators in the plasma and tissues collected, and metabolism-related gene expression, were measured. Our results showed that artificially increased plasma cortisol levels in S. aurata enhanced plasma glucose and triacylglycerols values as well as hepatic substrate energy mobilization. Additionally, cortisol stimulated hepatic carbohydrates metabolism, as seen by the increased expression of metabolism-related genes. All of these responses, observed in cortisol-administered fish, were not detected by replicating the same protocol and instead using cortisol-BSA, which exclusively induces membrane-initiated effects. Therefore, we suggest that after three days of cortisol administration, only genomic actions are involved in the metabolic responses in S. aurata. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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    High‐Temperature Stress Effect on the Red Cusk‐Eel (Geypterus chilensis) Liver: Transcriptional Modulation and Oxidative Stress Damage
    (MDPI, 2022-06) Dettleff, Phillip; Zuloaga, Rodrigo; Fuentes, Marcia; Gonzalez, Pamela; Aedo, Jorge; Estrada, Juan Manuel; Molina, Alfredo; Valdés, Juan Antonio
    Environmental stressors, such as temperature, are relevant factors that could generate a negative effect on several tissues in fish. A key fish species for Chilean aquaculture diversification is the red cusk‐eel (Genypterus chilensis), a native fish for which knowledge on environmental stressors effects is limited. This study evaluated the effects of high‐temperature stress on the liver of red cusk‐eel in control (14 °C) and high‐temperature (19 °C) groups using multiple approaches: determination of plasmatic hepatic enzymes (ALT, AST, and AP), oxidative damage evaluation (AP sites, lipid peroxidation, and carbonylated proteins), and RNA‐seq analysis. High-temperature stress generated a significant increase in hepatic enzyme activity in plasma. In the liver, a transcriptional regulation was observed, with 1239 down‐regulated and 1339 up‐regulated transcripts. Additionally, high‐temperature stress generated oxidative stress in the liver, with oxidative damage and transcriptional modulation of the antioxidant response. Furthermore, an unfolded protein response was observed, with several pathways enriched, as well as a heat shock response, with several heat shock proteins up regulated, suggesting candidate biomarkers (i.e., serpinh1) for thermal stress evaluation in this species. The present study shows that high-temperature stress generated a major effect on the liver of red cusk‐eel, knowledge to consider for the aquaculture and fisheries of this species. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.