Examinando por Autor "Aguirre, Camila"

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    Lessons learned from designing a curriculum analytics tool for improving student learning and program quality
    (Springer, 2022-12) Hilliger, Isabel; Aguirre, Camila; Miranda, Constanza; Celis, Sergio; Pérez‑Sanagustín, Mar
    Curriculum Analytics (CA) emerged as a sub-field of Learning Analytics, aiming to use large amounts of educational data to drive curriculum decision-making and program improvement. However, it is still an open question how the use of CA tools impacts student learning and program quality. To advance this field, this paper describes the lessons learned from having designed and implemented a CA tool to help managers and teaching staff reflect on curriculum and teaching practices. This CA tool was developed under a design-based research approach called The Integrative Learning Design Framework. We implemented a two-cycle building-testing structure to evaluate the perceived usefulness and usability of this tool. The first cycle consisted of designing a first version of the tool and evaluating its use throughout a case study involving 5 managers and 124 teaching staff members who participated in a 3-year continuous improvement process in one Latin American university. The second cycle consisted of redesigning the tool according to the lessons learned during the first cycle and evaluating its use throughout workshops with 16 managers and 9 teaching staff members in two Latin American universities. Findings indicate that the CA tool helped teachers collect a greater number and variety of evidence regarding students’ attainment of competencies, allowing staff to be more aware of the learning situation of their students when redesigning course assessment methods and course sequences. Currently, this CA tool is being used by 20 Latin American universities, guiding curriculum renewal strategies beyond the current global pandemic. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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    The Transcription Factor ArcA Modulates Salmonella’s Metabolism in Response to Neutrophil Hypochlorous Acid-Mediated Stress
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2019-12) Pardo-Esté, Coral; Castro-Severyn, Juan; I. Krüger, Gabriel; Cabezas, Carolina Elizabeth; Briones, Alan Cristóbal; Aguirre, Camila; Morales, Naiyulin; Baquedano, Maria Soledad; Sulbaran, Yoelvis Noe; Hidalgo, Alejandro A.; Meneses, Claudio; Poblete-Castro, Ignacio; Castro-Nallar, Eduardo; Valvano, Miguel A.; Saavedra, Claudia P.
    Salmonella Typhimurium, a bacterial pathogen with high metabolic plasticity, can adapt to different environmental conditions; these traits enhance its virulence by enabling bacterial survival. Neutrophils play important roles in the innate immune response, including the production of microbicidal reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, the myeloperoxidase in neutrophils catalyzes the formation of hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a highly toxic molecule that reacts with essential biomolecules, causing oxidative damage including lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation. The bacterial response regulator ArcA regulates adaptive responses to oxygen levels and influences the survival of Salmonella inside phagocytic cells. Here, we demonstrate by whole transcriptomic analyses that ArcA regulates genes related to various metabolic pathways, enabling bacterial survival during HOCl-stress in vitro. Also, inside neutrophils, ArcA controls the transcription of several metabolic pathways by downregulating the expression of genes related to fatty acid degradation, lysine degradation, and arginine, proline, pyruvate, and propanoate metabolism. ArcA also upregulates genes encoding components of the oxidative pathway. These results underscore the importance of ArcA in ATP generation inside the neutrophil phagosome and its participation in bacterial metabolic adaptations during HOCl stress. © Copyright © 2019 Pardo-Esté, Castro-Severyn, Krüger, Cabezas, Briones, Aguirre, Morales, Baquedano, Sulbaran, Hidalgo, Meneses, Poblete-Castro, Castro-Nallar, Valvano and Saavedra.
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    The transcription factor SlyA from Salmonella Typhimurium regulates genes in response to hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite
    (Elsevier Masson SAS, 2018-07) Cabezas, Carolina E.; Briones, Alan C.; Aguirre, Camila; Pardo-Esté, Coral; Castro-Severyn, Juan; Salinas, César R.; Baquedano, María S.; Hidalgo, Alejandro A.; Fuentes, Juan A.; Morales, Eduardo H.; Meneses, Claudio A.; Castro-Nallar, Eduardo; Saavedra, Claudia Paz
    Salmonella Typhimurium is an intracellular pathogen that is capable of generating systemic fever in a murine model. Over the course of the infection, Salmonella faces different kinds of stressors, including harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS). Various defence mechanisms enable Salmonella to successfully complete the infective process in the presence of such stressors. The transcriptional factor SlyA is involved in the oxidative stress response and invasion of murine macrophages. We evaluated the role of SlyA in response to H2O2 and NaOCl and found an increase of slyA expression upon exposure to these toxics. However, the SlyA target genes and the molecular mechanisms by which they influence the infective process are unknown. We hypothesised that SlyA regulates the expression of genes required for ROS resistance, metabolism, or virulence under oxidative stress conditions. Transcriptional profiling in wild type and ΔslyA strains confirmed that SlyA regulates the expression of several genes involved in virulence [sopD (STM14_3550), sopE2 (STM14_2244), hilA (STM14_3475)] and central metabolism [kgtP (STM14_3252), fruK (STM14_2722), glpA (STM14_2819)] in response to H2O2 and NaOCl. These findings were corroborated by functional assay and transcriptional fusion assays using GFP. DNA-protein interaction assays showed that SlyA regulates these genes through direct interaction with their promoter regions. © 2018 The Author(s)