Examinando por Autor "Barrientos, C."

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  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Bioluminescence as a tool to evaluate hand washing during the training of professionals related to Public Health
    (Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2020) Contreras, S.; Caro, G.; Cuevas, J.; Barrientos, C.; Opazo, A.
    Health Care Associated Infections (HAS), Foodborne Illness and zoonoses generate high costs for public health. A simple and inexpensive measure, and with evidence of its effectiveness in their prevention is handwashing, a protocol established by the World Health Organization (WHO), that is taught in professional training programs to students of human and animal health, as well as those who process food. The aim of this descriptive and cross-sectional study was to evaluate handwashing by bioluminescence in students during their performance in practice centres, as well as their knowledge and attitude towards handwashing, by a survey involving 45 students from the Gastronomy, Nursing and Veterinary Medicine in their last cycle of academic training of a private higher education institution (Concepción, Chile). The students showed an adequate knowledge of handwashing (90%), but a bad attitude towards it (70% of favourable responses). Students gave greater importance to handwashing when they are observed, evaluated or when their classmates do it, showing a lack of awareness regarding the importance of doing it. The bioluminescence test indicated a significant reduction between before and after handwashing, from 2951±40 URL vs. 400.7±73 URL, respectively (p<0.0001), without significant differences between the careers. The measurement of ATP by bioluminescence is a simple and rapid method to evaluate the effectiveness of handwashing, being a tool that can be incorporated into disciplinary training in careers directly related to human-animal health.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Is chytridiomycosis driving darwin's frogs to extinction?
    (Public Library of Science, 2013-11) Soto-Azat, C.; Valenzuela-Sánchez, A.; Clarke, B.; Busse, K.; Ortiz, J.; Barrientos, C.; Cunningham, A.
    Darwin's frogs (Rhinoderma darwinii and R. rufum) are two species of mouth brooding frogs from Chile and Argentina that have experienced marked population declines. Rhinoderma rufum has not been found in the wild since 1980. We investigated historical and current evidence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) infection in Rhinoderma spp. to determine whether chytridiomycosis is implicated in the population declines of these species. Archived and live specimens of Rhinoderma spp., sympatric amphibians and amphibians at sites where Rhinoderma sp. had recently gone extinct were examined for Bd infection using quantitative real-time PCR. Six (0.9%) of 662 archived anurans tested positive for Bd (4/289 R. darwinii; 1/266 R. rufum and 1/107 other anurans), all of which had been collected between 1970 and 1978. An overall Bd-infection prevalence of 12.5% was obtained from 797 swabs taken from 369 extant individuals of R. darwinii and 428 individuals representing 18 other species of anurans found at sites with current and recent presence of the two Rhinoderma species. In extant R. darwinii, Bd-infection prevalence (1.9%) was significantly lower than that found in other anurans (7.3%). The prevalence of infection (30%) in other amphibian species was significantly higher in sites where either Rhinoderma spp. had become extinct or was experiencing severe population declines than in sites where there had been no apparent decline (3.0%; x2 = 106.407, P<0.001). This is the first report of widespread Bd presence in Chile and our results are consistent with Rhinoderma spp. declines being due to Bd infection, although additional field and laboratory investigations are required to investigate this further.