Examinando por Autor "Campos, V."
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Ítem Association of social factors and health conditions with capacity and performance(UNIV SAOPAULO, 2022) Carvalho Arruda Barreto, M.; Cartes-Velásquez, R.; Campos, V.; Fortunato Araújo, L.; Sulyvan de Castro, S.OBJECTIVE: Determine and measure the association of social factors and health conditions with worse capacity and performance levels. METHODS: Dependent variables consisted of performance and capacity; independent variables comprised age, gender, level of education, personal income, and health conditions. Means (95%CI) of performance and capacity were presented according to the independent variables. Generalized linear models, using a mutual adjustment for all variables considered statistically significant (p < 0.05), measured the associations between each exposure and outcomes. Study population included 12,265 individuals. RESULTS: Older women with lower education and income levels and with some health condition showed the worst performance and capacity. CONCLUSION: Results showed that the capacity and performance levels of the Chilean population changed according to social demographic characteristics and health conditions.Ítem Chilean health professionals’ attitudes towards deafness: A cross-sectional study(Association of Support to Oral Health Research (APESB), 2020) Campos, V.; Cartes-Velasquez, R.; Luengo, L.Objective: To assess the attitudes of health professionals towards Deafness and its association with sociodemographic and Deaf contact experience. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Concepcion, Chile. The sample size was estimated in 171 health professionals. The following variables were considered: socio demographics, Deaf contact experience, and attitudes to deafness scale (ADS scale). To evaluate the association between the variables, t-test and Spearman correlation test were used (p<0.05). Results: People who had taken a LSCh course had significant more positive attitudes towards item 1 “Deaf people should learn to lipread”, with a 2 points difference and in persons who do not know a Deaf person, with 1-point difference. Also, persons who have received some kind of formation in Deafness have a better attitude in item 3 “I would like to have more Deaf friends” with 1-point difference. An inverse correlation was observed within age (rho =-0.237; p=0.0014), years of academic service (rho =-0.323; p<0.0001) or PHC service (rho =-0.1085; p=0,364). Conclusion: The attitude of health professionals towards Deafness was neutral. This attitude is not modulated by sex, type of profession, type of relationship with Deaf people, type of training in hearing disability, Chilean Sign Language Courses or degree of frequency of healthcare delivery to Deaf patients. However, it is modulated by age and years of service.Ítem Developing competencies for the dental care of people with sensory disabilities: A pilot inclusive approach(Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry, 2020) Campos, V.; Cartes-Velásquez, R.Objectives: Different training programs for healthcare students that have a bio-psychosocial approach have been reported to have a significant beneficial impact on their education, attitudes and competencies towards Persons with Disabilities. In Chile, however, there are no explicit legal obligations to provide healthcare professionals with the skills required to offer their services in public or private healthcare facilities to Persons with Disabilities. Given this situation, a pilot one-semester elective course for dental students was carried out focusing on people with visual disabilities and people with hearing disabilities, incorporating Deaf and blind teachers. The aim of this paper is to describe the perceptions and results of this pilot course aimed at identifying and responding to the healthcare needs of people with visual or hearing disability pilot one-semester elective course for dental students was carried out focusing on people with visual disabilities and people with hearing disabilities, incorporating Deaf and blind teachers. Materials and methods: A multi-strategy 17-week elective course was carried out in the first semester of Dentistry School with 14 students enrolled. Educational strategies used were lectures, guided discussion (GD), role-play (RP), standardized patients (SP) and case method teaching (CM), with the participation of Deaf and blind teachers. Once the program had finished, the students answered a survey designed with open-ended questions, and GD, RP, SP, CM, attendance and grades obtained were recorded and analyzed. Results: Attendance was 82-100%. All students passed the course with the highest score, and thus were able to define the medical approach needed in cases of hearing and visual disability, recognize the cultural and linguistic aspects of people with visual disability and people with hearing disability and learn their means of communication. Conclusions: This course was successful in helping the students to identify and respond to the healthcare needs of people with visual or hearing disability.Ítem Impact of self-reported sleep problems on capacity and performance in the Chilean population. A secondary-data analysis(Elsevier, 2022-12) Leite, C.; Zacarias, L.; Cartes, R.; Campos, V.; Sulyvan, Sh.Sleep problems such as sleep apnea and insomnia cause damage to the general health of individuals. Given its disabling potential, it is relevant to know the population prevalence of sleep problems and their impact on functioning. Data from a cross-sectional population study named II ENDISC – Encuesta Nacional de la Discapacidad, carried out in Chile, 2015 were analyzed. The sample is composed of 12,265 people over 17 years old, randomly selected and interviewed at home, using the Model Disability Survey (MDS). Data analyses adopted the generalized linear model (GLM) with logarithmic link and gamma distribution to determine the impact of self-reported sleep problems on capacity and performance, and adjustment variables were added to the model progressively. Self-reported sleep problems prevalence in Chile was 11.19%; variations were found according to region (4.93% to 14.79%), and were more frequent among women (13.69%); people aged 65 and over (16.78%); and decreased with the improvement of schooling and self-rated health status. A higher prevalence of self-reported sleep problems was associated with excessive alcohol consumption (18.82%); depression (36.30%); anxiety (32.40%); and respiratory diseases (20.85%). The findings capacity and performance averages were worse for people with self-reported sleep problems. The adjusted analyses showed coefficients of 1.33 (p < 0.0001) to capacity and of 1.20 (p < 0.0001) to the performance, revealing that the averages of capacity and performance were 33% and 20% worse among people with self-reported sleep problems, respectively. Due to the impact on individuals' self-reported capacity and performance, sleep problems configure a deterioration in the profile of population functioning.Ítem Improving dental service utilization rate using a proactive telephone-based scheduling strategy in primary healthcare(Association of Support to Oral Health Research (APESB), 2020) Garrido, J.; Matamala, D.; Velásquez, R.; Campos, V.Objective: To determine the effect of a proactive telephone-based scheduling strategy to improve dental service utilization rate in primary healthcare. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out based on the dental appointments’ records of a primary healthcare center before-strategy and after-strategy periods. The variables studied for both periods were the number of dental appointments requested, dental appointments undergone, no-shows, and available quotas. Data collection was performed by two researchers between May and June 2018. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the absolute and relative frequencies. Results: A total of 10,193 records of dental appointments were registered within the two periods. After-strategy period, dental appointments undergone increased by 16,7%, no-shows decreased by 3%, and available quotas decreased by 21.3%. Conclusion: A proactive telephone-based scheduling strategy increased the dental service utilization rate in primary healthcare.Ítem The current status of dental education and the dental profession in Chile(Association of Support to Oral Health Research, 2018-02) Guíñez, J.; Guajardo, P.; Cartes-Velásquez, R.; Campos, V.Objective: To describe the current situation of the dental profession in Chile, including training and workforce issues. Material and Methods: Data were collected from different national institutions, which included information regarding number of current registered dentists, university of graduation, geographical distribution, professional position, additional specialty certifications obtained, the number and characteristics of dental surgeons who work in the public and private sectors, the traditional character of the university, the accreditation status of the undergraduate dental programs and the general population number. Results: Currently there are 32 schools of Dentistry in Chile, of which 21 have their quality certified. There are 19,100 Chilean dentists and 1,727 foreign dentists registered. The number of graduates from private universities has increased significantly. Currently, 2,164 dentists work for MINSAL. Less than a third hold a specialty certification. Forty-five percent of the dental specialists obtained their certification from universities. The current professional ratio is 104 dentists per 100,000 habitants. Conclusion: The number of dentists in Chile has increased progressively during the last years, mainly associated with the opening of new dental schools. Only 28% of the Chilean dental schools have certified their quality for the total duration of the undergraduate program. Regarding the workforce, there is a public/private and geographical inequities in dentists’ distribution.Ítem Use of the explicit health guarantee of oral health care for pregnant women at a family health center, Concepción, Chile, 2014–2015(Wroclaw Medical University, 2018) Oliva, J.; Olivares, M.; Cartes-Velásquez, R.; Luengo, L.; Campos, V.Background. Oral health plays a crucial role in general health, quality of life and well-being of pregnant women and their newborns. In Chile, pregnant women have dental care guaranteed by law. However, due to the lack of previous epidemiological studies on the benefits of this guarantee, it is necessary to describe this situation and evaluate the need to change the methods of providing dental services. Objectives. The objective of this study was to describe the pattern of providing dental benefits resulting from the Explicit Health Guarantee – Integral Oral Health in Pregnant Women (GES-SOIE) program to pregnant women attending the Juan Soto Fernández Family Health Center, Concepción, Chile, in 2014–2015. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study of the electronic dental records of patients admitted to GES-SOIE was conducted. The variables studied were sociodemographic data, dental chair hours, non-attendance, treatment completion, and the type of referral to secondary healthcare (SHC). Results. Of 233 pregnant women, 65.2% were registered for non-attendance, 21.2% required referral to SHC and 76.4% completed their treatment. When performing logistic regression, it was found that for each non-attendance the chance of not completing the treatment increased 1.4 times. Conclusions. The level of non-attendance and opting out of the treatment in pregnant women is high, which hinders the proper functioning and effectiveness of GES-SOIE. © 2018 by Wroclaw Medical University and Polish Dental Society.