Examinando por Autor "Campos Jara, Rodrigo"

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    Effects of Physical Exercise on Executive Function in Adults with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol
    (MDPI, 2022-11) Contreras Osorio, Falonn; Ramirez Campillo, Rodrigo; Cerda Vega, Enrique; Campos Jara, Rodrigo; Martínez Salazar, Cristian; Reigal, Rafael E.; Morales Sanchez, Verónica; Araya Sierralta, Sergio; Campos Jara, Christian
    Physical exercise is a low-cost and easy-to-implement therapeutic option proposed to reduce the negative effect of depression on the executive function cognitive dimension, including working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. Although a considerable amount of scientific literature on the topic is currently available, the effects of physical exercise interventions on the executive functions in adults with depression remain unclear. The aim of this review protocol is to synthesize the effects of physical exercise interventions on executive functions in adults with depression. Databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO will be searched for studies by combining keywords and different medical subject headings to identify and evaluate the relevant studies from inception up to September 2022. This study will consider longitudinal studies (duration, ≥3 weeks) with a minimum of one experimental group and pre- and post-intervention measurements involving adults with depression aged 18–65 years. Studies will be included if these reported ≥1 measures of executive function, including dimensions of working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale will be used to assess the methodological quality of studies. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model will be used for meta-analyses, with effect size (ES, i.e., Hedges’ g) values reported with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and p ≤ 0.05 will indicate statistical significance. The ES values will be calculated for working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility in the experimental and control groups before and after the intervention program. Our results can help professionals and stakeholders in making better evidence-based decisions regarding the implementation of physical exercise programs in adults with depression and providing relevant information to facilitate the functional performance of this population in complex daily tasks where executive functions are essential. No ethical approval is required for this study. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022358339. © 2022 by the authors.
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    Effects of Sport-Based Interventions on Executive Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol
    (MDPI, 2022-09) Contreras Osorio, Falonn; Ramirez Campillo, Rodrigo; Cerda Vega, Enrique; Campos Jara, Rodrigo; Martínez Salazar, Cristian; Arellano Roco, Cristián; Campos Jara, Christian
    Background: Moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise programs have proven to exert positive effects on the cognitive performance of older people. However, the specific effects sport-based exercise programs have on cognitive performance, upon executive functions, remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of sport-based exercise programs on executive functions in older adults, through a systematic review protocol of the scientific literature, with a meta-analysis. Methods: The search was performed in the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO electronic databases by combining keywords and different medical subject headings (MeSH) to identify and evaluate the relevant studies from inception up until June 2022. This study considers longitudinal studies with at least one experimental group and pre- and post-intervention measurements involving healthy older adults of 60 years of age or older. Studies have to consider one or more measures of executive function, including dimensions of working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, in order to meet the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this report. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used for methodological quality assessment studies. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to compute the meta-analyses and report effect sizes (ES, i.e., Hedges’ g) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and a statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05. The ES values were calculated for executive function globally and for each dimension of executive function (e.g., working memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility) in the experimental and control/comparator groups using the mean and standard deviation values before and after the intervention period. Conclusions: Our systematic review aims to clarify the effects of sport-based exercise programs on executive functions in older adults. The results may help practitioners and stakeholders to provide better evidence-based decisions regarding sport-based exercise program implementation for older adults, and to help them to optimize cognitive functions during the aging process. Ethical permission is not required for this study. Systematic review registration: this systematic review is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42022284788). © 2022 by the authors.
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    Ítem
    Relación entre el estado nutricional y depresión en la población chilena mayor de 18 años : Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017
    (Universidad Andrés Bello, 2023) Aguilar Salas, Silvia; Campos Benavente, Sebastián; Campos Jara, Rodrigo; Fuentes Fica, Paola; Vera Araya, Catherine.; Vidal, Carolina.; Facultad de Medicina; Instituto de Salud Pública.
    Antecedentes: La depresión es una patología prevalente en Chile y el mundo. Su asociación con el estado nutricional, especialmente obesidad está documentada en la literatura internacional. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre el estado nutricional medido por IMC y depresión según los datos de la ENS 2016-2017 en la población de 18 a 65 años. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal analítico. La población corresponde a la submuestra de la ENS 2016-2017 de personas mayores de 18 años a los que se les aplicó la entrevista diagnóstica internacional compuesta (CIDI ) para determinar la variable de depresión. El estado nutricional se evaluó a través del cálculo del índice de masa corporal (IMC). Para determinar la asociación se aplicó prueba de chi cuadrado. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística para analizar la relación entre estado nutricional y depresión, ajustado por las variables de control edad, sexo, estratificación urbano/rural, escolaridad y pertenencia a pueblo originario. Resultados: La prevalencia de depresión fue de 11,5%, con predominancia del sexo femenino (76,5%). Esta prevalencia aumentó según el estado nutricional, siendo mayor en el grupo con obesidad grado 3 (20,63%). Al analizar la relación entre depresión y estado nutricional no existe un valor significativo para la presencia de depresión (chi2 con valor p=0.28). La relación con otros factores demográficos tampoco fue estadísticamente significativa. Conclusión: La prevalencia de depresión en mujeres debe tomarse en consideración para la creación y reforzamiento de programas enfocados hacia ese grupo, considerando los condicionantes propios del sexo femenino que pueden también asociarse a trastornos de la conducta alimentaria.