Examinando por Autor "Cristi Montero, Carlos"

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    Ítem
    Mediation Role of Physical Fitness and Its Components on the Association Between Distribution-Related Fat Indicators and Adolescents’ Cognitive Performance: Exploring the Influence of School Vulnerability. The Cogni-Action Project
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2021-09) Hernández Jaña, Sam; Sanchez Martinez, Javier; Solis Urra, Patricio; Esteban Cornejo, Irene; Castro Piñero, Jose; Sadarangani, Kabir P.; Aguilar Farias, Nicolas; Ferrari, Gerson; Cristi Montero, Carlos
    Background: Physical fitness and fatness converge simultaneously modulating cognitive skills, which in turn, are associated with children and adolescents’ socioeconomic background. However, both fitness components and fat mass localization are crucial for understanding its implication at the cognitive level. Objective: This study aimed to determine the mediation role of a global physical fitness score and its components on the association between different fatness indicators related to fat distribution and adolescents’ cognitive performance, and simultaneously explore the influence of school vulnerability. Methods: In this study, 1,196 Chilean adolescents participated (aged 10–14; 50.7% boys). Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscular fitness (MF), and speed-agility fitness (SAF) were evaluated, and a global fitness score (GFS) was computed adjusted for age and sex (CRF + MF + SAF z-scores). Body mass index z-score (BMIz), sum-of-4-skinfolds (4SKF), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were used as non-specific, peripheral, and central adiposity indicators, respectively. A global cognitive score was computed based on eight tasks, and the school vulnerability index (SVI) was registered as high, mid or low. A total of 24 mediation analyses were performed according to two models, adjusted for sex and peak high velocity (Model 1), and adding the school vulnerability index (SVI) in Model 2. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: The fitness mediation role was different concerning the fatness indicators related to fat distribution analyzed. Even after controlling for SVI, CRF (22%), and SAF (29%), but not MF, mediated the association between BMIz and cognitive performance. Likewise, CRF, SAF and GFS, but not MF, mediated the association between WHtR and cognitive performance (38.6%, 31.9%, and 54.8%, respectively). No mediations were observed for 4SKF. Conclusion: The negative association between fatness and cognitive performance is mitigated by the level of adolescents’ physical fitness, mainly CRF and SAF. This mediation role seems to be more consistent with a central fat indicator even in the presence of school vulnerability. Strategies promoting physical fitness would reduce the cognitive gap in children and adolescents related to obesity and school vulnerability. © Copyright © 2021 Hernández-Jaña, Sanchez-Martinez, Solis-Urra, Esteban-Cornejo, Castro-Piñero, Sadarangani, Aguilar-Farias, Ferrari and Cristi-Montero.
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    Ítem
    Which one? A comparative study of traditional and sports uniforms on academic achievement, cognitive performance, playtime, bullying, and discrimination in adolescents: The Cogni-Action Project
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-08-12) Cristi Montero, Carlos; Solis Urra, Patricio; Sanchez Martinez, Javier; Olivares Arancibia, Jorge; Hernández Jaña, Sam; Gajardo Araya, Guillermo; Palma Leal, Ximena; Sadarangani, Kabir P.; Portela Estinto, Matias; Encina, Yonatan; Alvarez, Cristian; Delgado Floody, Pedro; Aguilar Farias, Nicolas; Ferrari, Gerson; Mahecha Matsudo, Sandra; Zavala Crichton, Juan Pablo; Ibarra Mora, Jessica; Parra Saldías, Maribel; Nanjarí Miranda, Rodrigo; Rodríguez Rodríguez, Fernando
    Objective: The aim of this study was to compare academic achievement, cognitive performance, playtime, bullying, and discrimination in adolescents according to traditional uniforms (TUs) and sports uniforms (SUs) worn at school, while simultaneously exploring the influence of the school vulnerability index. Methods: A total of 988 Chilean adolescents (52.6% boys) aged 10–14 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Academic achievement was evaluated by the average grade in maths, language, and science grades, while cognitive performance was assessed through eight cognitive tasks. TUs affecting physical activity, playtime, bullying, and discrimination were queried. Mixed model analyses were performed. Results: No differences were observed in academic achievement (TU: 5.4 ± 0.1 vs. SU: 5.5 ± 0.2, p = 0.785) or in cognitive performance (TU: 99.6 ± 0.8 vs. SU: 98.9 ± 1.8, p= 0.754) according to the school uniformtype. Moreover, 64.1 % of participants declared that wearing TU affects their physical activity (traditional uniforms: + 8 min and sports uniforms: + 20 min), and those who believed so spent more time playing than those who answered negatively (14.5 min, p = 0.012). Finally, adolescents wearing SU displayed a lower feeling of bullying and discrimination; this finding depended mainly on the school's vulnerability. Conclusion: It is concluded that wearing TU does not show an educational advantage at an academic and cognitive level that justifies its obligation. In addition, it could be suggested that schools consider adolescents' opinions in adopting a more comfortable uniform, such as the SU. This feasible and low-cost measure would help to increase adolescents' physical activity during the school day, and, contrary to belief, it would not be related to increased feelings of bullying and discrimination. Copyright © 2022 Cristi-Montero, Solis-Urra, Sanchez-Martinez, Olivares-Arancibia, Hernández-Jaña, Gajardo-Araya, Palma-Leal, Sadarangani, Portela Estinto, Encina, Alvarez, Delgado-Floody, Aguilar-Farias, Ferrari, Mahecha-Matsudo, Zavala-Crichton, Ibarra-Mora, Parra-Saldías, Nanjarí-Miranda and Rodríguez-Rodríguez.