Examinando por Autor "Cyprien G. J"

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    A single dose of ketamine cannot prevent protracted stress-induced anhedonia and neuroinflammation in rats
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022-04) Moraga-Amaro, Rodrigo; Cyprien G. J; Reali Nazario, Luiza; Lima Giacobbo, Bruno; J. O. Dierckx, Rudi A; Stehberg, Jimmy; de Vries, Erik F. J; Doorduin, Janine
    Worldwide, millions of people suffer from treatment-resistant depression. Ketamine, a glutamatergic receptor antagonist, can have a rapid antidepressant effect even in treatment-resistant patients. A proposed mechanism for the antidepressant effect of ketamine is the reduction of neuroinflammation. To further explore this hypothesis, we investigated whether a single dose of ketamine can modulate protracted neuroinflammation in a repeated social defeat (RSD) stress rat model, which resembles features of depression. To this end, male animals exposed to RSD were injected with ketamine (20 mg/kg) or vehicle. A combination of behavioral analyses and PET scans of the inflammatory marker TSPO in the brain were performed. Rats submitted to RSD showed anhedonia-like behavior in the sucrose preference test, decreased weight gain, and increased TSPO levels in the insular and entorhinal cortices, as observed by [11C]-PK11195 PET. Whole brain TSPO levels correlated with corticosterone levels in several brain regions of RSD exposed animals, but not in controls. Ketamine injection 1 day after RSD disrupted the correlation between TSPO levels and serum corticosterone levels, but had no effect on depressive-like symptoms, weight gain or the protracted RSD-induced increase in TSPO expression in male rats. These results suggest that ketamine does not exert its effect on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis by modulation of neuroinflammation. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.